How to care for patients after heart transplantation? Heart transplantation has saved the lives of many patients with serious heart disease, but postoperative nursing is also very important. So how to care after heart transplantation?
1、 Pay attention to rejection
Rejection requires patients to closely observe the condition, record in detail and correctly collect test samples, so as to accurately provide basis, diagnose the type of rejection as soon as possible, use drugs reasonably and reverse the condition.
2、 Body care
Due to the application of high-dose hormones, the body's normal response to infection has been changed. For example, the early symptoms of sepsis are often mild and easy to be neglected. Attention should be paid to whether there are symptoms such as shivering, rapid heart rate, rapid breathing and so on. If there is a possibility of fever infection, blood culture should be done immediately. Attach great importance to low fever and test repeatedly. If necessary, measure the anal temperature and mouth temperature for comparison, so as to carefully find the cause of fever. Actively find out the causes of high blood pressure and control hypertension. High blood pressure is one of the common phenomena of rejection.
3、 Don't neglect in the morning and evening
Taking immunosuppressants and hormones after operation will reduce the body's exchange resistance, and it is very easy to cause ulcer and mold growth in the mouth. Therefore, oral care is very important. Borax solution can be used to gargle 2 days before operation. Routine oral care after operation is twice a day. Rinse your mouth before and after taking medicine and eating. When performing bedsore care, check the skin for folliculitis and skin lesions, and give symptomatic treatment. Those with urinary catheters should strengthen the nursing of urethral orifice and perineum, change clothes and trousers frequently, and keep the perineum clean and dry, so as to avoid the spread of infection.
4、 Diet nursing
The postoperative diet should be gradually increased according to the condition, and a certain amount of calories should be maintained every day. When using hormones for a long time, the heat consumption is large and the appetite is good, but the digestive function is poor. A diet with high protein, high carbohydrate, multi vitamins and low fat should be given. Especially the diet of heart and kidney transplant patients should be less salt.