Health tips: pneumonia is a common respiratory disease. Pneumonia is a "killer" that the elderly are very afraid of, and the incidence is very hidden. After a clear diagnosis, the treatment has become very difficult.
Due to the poor systemic reaction ability of the elderly, pneumonia often has no typical symptoms, and the incidence is relatively hidden. Generally, there are no main symptoms of pneumonia in young people, such as fever, cough, chest pain, chills, etc., but some non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms appear. Many people also have systemic symptoms such as disturbance of consciousness, dehydration, and white blood cells are often around Neutrophils increased in more than half of the patients. This brings some difficulties to the diagnosis. Therefore, the discovery and diagnosis of senile pneumonia is very important, which requires patients, especially their family members, to know more about senile pneumonia. On the other hand, doctors routinely perform X-ray chest films on the elderly patients to make a clear diagnosis of pneumonia.
In terms of treatment, the rational use of antibiotics is very critical. If it is not used well, it will aggravate the disease. Therefore, whether doctors, patients or relatives choose antibiotics, they must pay attention to the following problems
Because of the decline of tissues and organs and low immune function in the elderly, the killing of pathogenic bacteria a depends on the bactericidal effect. Therefore, the elderly should use fungicides, such as penicillins (such as penicillin), cephalosporins (such as cefazolin sodium), quinolones (such as ciprofloxacin), etc.
Avoid the use of drugs with high toxicity such as aminoglycosides (such as kanamycin, etc.), and the liver and kidney functions of the elderly are worse than those of the adults. Try to avoid the use of toxic drugs such as aminoglycosides, and reduce the use if necessary.
Penicillin is the first choice for patients with mild to moderate pneumonia and without underlying diseases; erythromycin and lincomycin can be used for patients with penicillin allergy; the first generation cephalosporins (such as cefradine capsules), aminoglycosides (such as kanamycin) and quinolones (such as cyclophosphamide) can also be used.
Second generation cephalosporins such as cefuroxime and aminoglycosides (such as kanamycin) were selected for patients with mild to moderate pneumonia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic lung diseases. Erythromycin or quinolones (such as ciprofloxacin) were used for Legionella infection.
The second and third generation cephalosporins (the third generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime triazine) or & beta; - lactams plus lactamase inhibitors such as amoxicillin clavulanic acid, ampicillin sulbactam, piperazine tazobactam, etc. were selected for moderate and severe pneumonia.