How to regulate respiratory health in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), commonly known as' old chronic bronchitis', refers to a group of diseases related to respiratory airway obstruction such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema and cor pulmonale. COPD patients are easy to attack or aggravate in winter. Winter is an important period for COPD patients to care and delay the development of the disease.
Stick to moderate exercise
Most of these patients dare not go out or move in winter, but they don't know that an appropriate amount of outdoor activity is beneficial to COPD. Patients can choose appropriate activities, such as walking and Taijiquan, according to the degree of their own diseases, especially the grading of COPD prompted by pulmonary ventilation function examination, but it must be enough. Especially for outdoor activities, keep warm. During outdoor activities, cold resistant reserves should be made first, such as wiping the head with a cold towel to make the body slowly adapt to the changes of external weather, which can effectively improve the ability of airway to adapt to the cold, reduce the attack of COPD or prevent its aggravation.
Breathing exercise
COPD is a lung disease, that is, the disease of trachea and bronchus. An anti natural breathing exercise method can be adopted to improve the blood supply of bronchus and the relaxation ability of airway. If you lie flat, close your eyes slightly and inhale slowly. When you inhale, lift your anus and shrink your abdomen. At this time, there is negative pressure in the chest and the airway is also in an expanded state, which can promote the blood to flow into the chest. When you exhale, narrow your lips and exhale as slowly as possible to relax your anus and expand your abdomen. Exhale the gas as much as possible, so twice a day, 30 minutes each time. It can improve the blood flow supply of tracheal mucosa, effectively exercise respiratory muscles, improve lung function, increase vital capacity, help the blood oxygen supply of brain and promote the regulation function of brain central nerve and autonomic nerve.
Good attitude and regular life
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a long history of disease, the pain caused by the disease and the drag on family life, which will lead to psychological diseases, do not cooperate with treatment, and sometimes even commit suicide. Medical staff and family members should pour love into patients, analyze their ideological concerns, solve problems, and enable patients to establish confidence in overcoming diseases and actively cooperate with treatment. Change bad lifestyle. Smoking patients must quit smoking, because smoking is the main cause of COPD. There are a large number of harmful substances in the smoke, which directly damage the respiratory mucosa and increase the airway secretion. Smoking makes tracheal smooth muscle contract and blood circulation blocked, which leads to tracheal mucosal venous congestion and aggravates the disease. Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep, paying attention to emotional stability, being optimistic, generous and kind to others are also of great help to overcome diseases. How to supplement nutrition for COPD patients?
Rational drug therapy and home oxygen therapy
According to the classification of pulmonary function, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease generally need to use bronchodilators, such as Ventolin, Pulmicort, seretide and xinbike. These drugs should be used under the guidance of doctors, and the dose should not be changed or stopped at will; In addition, for long-term drug treatment, we should pay attention to the adverse reactions of drugs and often consult specialists to ensure the maximum effect of drugs. Severe COPD patients often need to take oxygen for a long time due to serious pulmonary function decline. Now small household oxygen generators can be used with good quality, generally breathing 30% oxygen.
Increase nutrition and immunity
Due to long-term illness, chronic hypoxia in the body, large respiratory muscle consumption, and decreased digestive and absorption function of gastrointestinal tract due to hypoxia and congestion, most of these patients have malnutrition and hypoproteinemia, which leads to the decline of human immunity. At the same time, they have water and sodium storage, electrolyte disorder, heart failure, arrhythmia and other diseases, which are easy to infect the respiratory tract, Therefore, the rational allocation of diet, allowing patients to eat well and improving their nutritional status have become an important aspect of COPD treatment in recent years. On the basis of a balanced diet, appropriately increase the intake of protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements to ensure the daily needs of the human body. The nutritional proportion of intake is: 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat and 15% protein. For example, male COPD patients with a weight of about 65kg eat 282g carbohydrate (mainly rice and pasta), 88g fat and 84g protein every day, which is about half a kilo of rice or pasta, 2 liang lean meat and 1 egg.