Women's participation and sense of existence in the labor market are getting higher and higher, but the burden of childbearing is still a big obstacle to their progress in the workplace. Married women without children are in the most embarrassing situation. Working mothers in automobile manufacturing and trade wholesale industries have high career confidence, and their rank is directly proportional to their career confidence. Raising children is too expensive to have a second child. Working women appeal for a more humane welfare system.
Married women without children are the most pessimistic
The survey shows that, in the overall female population, the evaluation of future development and self-esteem of working mothers is not the most pessimistic, but the most embarrassing is the married and childless group. They are not satisfied with their talents in the emotion of external attribution, while they are secretly anxious in the process of losing confidence and hope. In real life, the phenomenon of gender discrimination is still not uncommon, and it is this group that feels the most deeply. Married women who have not had children are likely to be subject to invisible discrimination, whether in the process of job hunting or in the face of career promotion opportunities.
Working mothers in these industries have high career confidence
From the numerical point of view, the career confidence index of working mothers in automobile manufacturing industry and trade wholesale industry is higher, while the career confidence index of working mothers in service industry is the lowest. Generally speaking, the service industry has less free time and high labor intensity. The sadness of work and the pressure of raising children are bound to affect the career confidence of working mothers.
From the perspective of career confidence and self-evaluation of working mothers in different positions, the higher the position, the more confident they are, and the more positive self recognition they give to their performance. Working mothers in lower positions have to bear more pressure and challenges in breaking through the promotion ceiling, which leads to the frustration of self-confidence.
Overall, less than 30% of women in the workplace do not work overtime. The overtime intensity of working mothers was slightly better than that of other female workers, and 31.1% of working mothers did not have to work overtime.
Working mothers refuse to be housewives
According to the survey data, 56.2% of working mothers think that after giving birth to a baby, their personal mentality is more family oriented and more stable than before. More than half of working mothers think that having a baby will distract their energy and affect their work effect and career development; 40% of working mothers miss the opportunity of promotion and salary increase because of having a baby; 33.7% of working mothers are marginalized by the company because of having a baby and have few promotion opportunities.
Even if giving birth to a baby takes up more energy and time for women, working mothers have higher requirements for themselves. The survey results show that the important reasons for working mothers to return to the workplace are that they think it is important for women to maintain economic independence and do not want to be divorced from the society; secondly, maintaining a good self-condition and being forced by economic pressure are also important reasons for working mothers to return to the workplace after childbirth.
Too expensive to have a second child
Although married women and working mothers are distracted by their families and children, they have their own way of balance and have less confusion in work life balance. On the contrary, the proportion of unmarried working women who think that work and life can be balanced is lower.
When it comes to the reasons, unmarried women think that the main reason why it is difficult to balance work and life is that they have to think about work and overtime after work, and their living space is squeezed. This is consistent with the above-mentioned unmarried women's longer overtime. Unmarried women work more overtime, and it is difficult to balance work and life, which leads to their relatively low life satisfaction. And working mothers are not surprised to choose to take care of the elderly / children, often conflict with work, difficult to choose, difficult to switch freely between family and work, and difficult to focus energy.
For working mothers who have one child, more than half of them say they do not want to have a second child. It is worth noting that 40% of working mothers want to have a second child but dare not. Data show that mothers who dare not have babies are mainly worried that the cost of raising children is too high to afford, accounting for 84.6%.
Only 8.22% of companies set up mother and baby room, and 40% of working mothers reported that they did not enjoy statutory maternity leave and lactation leave. The most expected support for working mothers is the improvement of the company's parent-child welfare and promotion system.