Yesterday, 30 people were killed in the forest fire in Liangshan, Sichuan Province. I hope these heroes will go well along the way! In fact, the most important thing about forest fire is to do a good job in daily prevention. Today, Xiao Bian is going to popularize some first-aid knowledge of forest fire for you.
What is forest fire?
Forest fire refers to the behavior of forest fire which is out of human control, spreads and expands freely in forest land, and brings certain harm and loss to forest, forest ecosystem and human beings. Forest fire is a kind of sudden, destructive and difficult natural disaster.
Types of forest fire
After the forest fire, according to the loss of trees and the size of the burned area, the forest fire can be divided into general forest fire, larger forest fire, major forest fire and particularly major forest fire.
（1） General forest fire: the injured forest area is less than 1 hectare or other forest land is on fire, or more than 1 person and less than 3 persons are killed, or more than 1 person and less than 10 persons are seriously injured;
（2） Major forest fire: the damaged forest area is more than 1 hectare and less than 100 hectare, or more than 3 people and less than 10 people are killed, or more than 10 people and less than 50 people are seriously injured;
（3） Major forest fire: the damaged forest area is more than 100 hectares and less than 1000 hectares, or more than 10 people and less than 30 people are killed, or more than 50 people and less than 100 people are seriously injured;
（4） Especially serious forest fire: the damaged forest area is more than 1000 hectares, or more than 30 people are killed, or more than 100 people are seriously injured.
What are the causes of forest fires?
Understanding the causes of forest fire is the premise of fire prevention. The causes of fire are no more than natural and man-made. Among the natural causes, there are thunder and lightning touching trees to cause crown burning, and in the dry season, due to the strong radiation of sunlight, the humus layer or peat layer of forest land is naturally heated. Forest fires of this nature are rare in our province. The most common and massive forest fires are caused by human beings.
1. Insufficient awareness of fire prevention: with the adjustment of forest industrial structure, economic revitalization and the increase of public holidays, a large number of people enter the forest for construction, mining and other production activities and tourism, while some people have weak awareness of fire prevention and lack of fire fighting knowledge, resulting in the occurrence of forest fires.
2. In some places, forest fire prevention is not really taken as a major issue. In particular, in some key counties of forest fire prevention, the arrangement and deployment is only to cope with the inspection of the higher authorities, the meeting is implemented by meeting, the document is implemented by document, the prevention work is a mere formality, and the fire prevention measures are not really implemented. The fire prevention plan was not started in time according to the change of fire prevention situation, the forest protection personnel and inspection lookout personnel were not in place in time, and the field fire source management was full of loopholes.
3. The construction of comprehensive support capacity is relatively backward: the construction of fire prevention and fighting infrastructure is far from enough, mainly reflected in the lack of transportation, fire fighting equipment and communication means. The state requires that at least one professional or semi professional fire fighting team should be set up in state-owned forestry bureaus and farms of key forestry counties, but most of the units have not yet been set up.
4. The difficulty of field fire source management is increasing: the increase of production and living fire in the field, the pressure of fire source management, and the extremely unfavorable climate conditions make forest fire prone in spring and autumn, which makes field fire source management more difficult.