Three or two peach blossoms outside bamboo, spring river warm duck prophet, blink of an eye to fireworks in March, I remember when I was a child this season, the teacher will take us to go for an outing to enjoy the flowers, plant trees and grass, this year's tree planting day is coming soon, I saw an essay about the tree planting Festival, I want to share with you.
The problem of afforestation bothers me. Because I found it was a fairy tale.
It has been more than 30 years since the tree planting festival was established in 1979. Official data show that in 2007, 500 million people planted trees voluntarily, and 2.27 billion trees were planted. It is estimated that 65.83 billion trees should be planted in 30 years. If each tree covers an area of 5 square meters, the trees will cover 330000 square kilometers of land. The total amount of trees planted in the forestry system should be more than that. But that's not the case. It's clear that most of the trees have not survived.
There is a paragraph: tree planting day is coming, the subordinate asks the leader: where to plant trees this year? The leader smiles mysteriously: it's still the old place.
Only a few trees are planted every year, but afforestation is still zero. This was not the case in ancient times.
Most of the ancients planted trees in front of houses and behind houses, beside the roadside dyke. This kind of tree planting is a bit like gardening. Today's afforestation is to afforestation in the field, the goal is to green the motherland and improve the ecological environment.
Most of the ancients planted trees in humid areas, not in arid and semi-arid areas. The main goal of today's afforestation is in arid areas, in order to let those areas without trees grow trees.
The problem of planting trees today lies in these differences between us and the ancients.
The arid area in Northwest China accounts for about one third of the total land. In addition to the mountains and rivers, there are basically no trees here. In addition to grasslands and shrubs, the larger area is desert, Gobi or bare land. To plant trees in Northwest China is to make the barren mountains and barren mountains here green into woodlands. The purpose itself is problematic.
In nature, desert, barren mountains, grasslands and shrubs are all part of the natural ecosystem, which has its own significance and value.
Vegetation corresponds to climate. The reason why Northwest China is desert, Gobi, sandy land and grassland is caused by climate. It's far from the ocean, and the steamy monsoon from the eastern ocean doesn't get here in summer. Therefore, the precipitation here is low and can not meet the needs of tree growth. The annual precipitation of 400 mm is the bottom line of forest growth, below which trees can not grow. The precipitation is less than this value to the west of the Taihang mountain line in Daxing'an Mountains, so there are few forests except the mountains. If the average annual precipitation is less than 200 mm, even grass can't grow, it can only be desert. This is the case to the west of Helan Mountain in Ningxia.
When the annual precipitation is less than 400mm, water should be diverted for afforestation. This is what I call the first law of afforestation.
However, afforestation has a self-evident premise: afforestation can not rely on irrigation to maintain the growth of trees, because this is not worth the loss. We have all participated in tree planting. The typical process of general tree planting activities is as follows: spring -- the season of tree recovery. Some people go to a place without trees by car with saplings, dig out pits to plant seedlings one by one, soil, water, compact, and then leave. The subtext of afforestation is: there are no trees in a place, not for any other reason, but because there are no trees or seedlings here. In fact, it is not like this: there are no trees in a place, not because there are no trees and seedlings, but because the climate, soil and other conditions are not suitable for the growth of trees.
So what about planting trees in the humid southeast?
Here is the second law of Afforestation: where trees can grow, trees will grow themselves.
This comes from the concept of 'top community'. Top community also means that even if human beings uproot all the plant communities in a place, after a period of time, nature will create the same communities as before. For example, if a forest is cut down by human beings, it will return to its original state as long as it is given enough time.
It is not to deny the role of man. Afforestation can omit the intermediate link of vegetation succession, and accelerate to get specific forest. It's OK for business purposes, but it's not necessary to improve the ecological environment. Because of the low ecological function of plantation, it has single species, simple level and poor stability. Most plantations have only one tree layer, which is called "green desert"; while natural forests have at least three levels of trees, shrubs and herbs, and there are different kinds of animals in each layer to adapt to it, which is incomparable to the artificial forests.
Therefore, for ecological purposes, it is better not to plant trees, or wait. As long as trees can grow, God will create a 'top forest'. We can't be better than God.
Finally, I would like to say:
Any large-scale afforestation project is suspicious.
Any indicator of improving forest coverage is given to God.
The motherland does not need artificial greening.
The motherland should be cherished.