The cold has passed. Recently, the weather temperature has obviously shown signs of warming up, but the wind is more windy, which makes people upset, but it doesn't mean to stop. It seems that it wants to bring the spring to the same place. But think about it carefully. The beginning of spring in 2019 is coming. Do you know the customs of beginning of spring while looking forward to it? Some customs about beginning of spring are quite interesting. Let's have a look.
Spring custom 1: Spring fighting
The beginning of spring is also called beating spring, biting spring, and reporting spring. This festival, like many other festivals, has many folk customs, such as the celebration and activities of Spring Festival, the custom of beating cattle and eating spring cakes, plates and radishes.
China has been an agricultural country since ancient times. Spring planting and autumn harvest are the key. There is a saying in the folk saying that spring is the plan of a year. The old custom of Spring Festival is not only an old solar term, but also a major festival. On the spring day, the son of heaven will lead the princes and doctors to welcome the spring in the eastern suburb, and give them the order of Bude. According to the record of things, Duke Zhou started to make a local ox in spring to show the time of farming. 'later feudal rulers held the ceremony of whip spring on this day to encourage farming and production.
Shanxi folk popular spring song: 'spring wind, Spring River spring water. Spring people drink spring wine, spring official whip spring cattle. 'it's about the spring cattle.
Spring custom 2: Spring Herald
The day before the Spring Festival, there were two artists, one was the spring official, the other was the spring official. Shouting along the street: 'spring is coming', commonly known as' spring report '. No matter the scholar, the farmer, the worker or the businessman, they should bow to the spring officials and pay homage. When a newsman meets a vendor's shop, he can pick up the goods and food at will. The shopkeeper greets him with a smile. On this day, the state and county will hold a grand "Spring Festival" activity. In the front is the drumming honor guard as the guide; in the middle are all the bureaucrats led by the prefectures and counties, all wearing official clothes; in the back are the peasant teams, all holding farm implements. Come to the eastern suburb of the city to welcome the God of Mang and spring cattle. To God Mang, first kneel two six kowtow ceremony. The Deacon raised the pot and gave it to the officer. After the officer received the wine and sprinkled it on the ground, he knelt two times and kowtowed six times. Then bow to the spring ox. At the end of the ceremony, it was as busy as it was when we came. We welcomed the God of Mang and the spring cattle back to the city.
At the beginning of spring the next day, the local governor still led his subordinates and peasants to whip spring. Yin and Yang officials should hold some traditional rituals first. The local officials presided over the Spring Festival ceremony, offering the first, the second and the last. Then beat three turns of spring bull with the colored whip, and return to the office after finishing the ceremony. The farmers beat up the spring cattle.
Now, there is no longer a whip spring activity in the city, but some rural areas still have the custom of beating spring cattle. Before spring, a cow is made of clay, which is called a spring cow. Women carry their children around the spring cattle for three times. In the old days, they didn't suffer from diseases. Now it has become entertainment. At the beginning of spring, the village selects an old man to whip three spring cows symbolically, which means the beginning of a year's farming. Then the villagers smashed the mud cow and returned to their respective farmland. In Luliang area, the word "Yichun" is written on the door with spring cattle soil. It is said that rinderpest can be avoided in the southeast of Shanxi Province. Jinnan region pays attention to using spring cow soil to smear the stove, which is said to be able to remove fat Mayer.
During the Spring Festival, folk artists make many small mud cows, which are called "spring cows". Send to each family, call it "send spring". The host wants to reward those who send spring. In essence, it's a kind of holiday selling activity, but it's a joy for everyone. There are also places where a yellow paper with a picture of a spring cow is pasted on the wall. Yellow represents land and spring cattle represents farming. It is commonly known as "the picture of spring cattle".
During the Spring Festival, the girls cut the ribbon for the swallow, which is called "spring chicken"; the girl pasted the feather for the butterfly, which is called "spring moth"; the girl wrapped the velvet for the stick, which is called "spring pole". Wear it on your head, fight for splendor. Girls in Southeast Shanxi like to exchange these headwear. It's said that the main silkworm is flourishing. Xiangning and other places are used to making small dolls with silk, called "spring dolls", which are worn on children. In the northern part of Shanxi Province, small cloth bags are sewn. They are filled with beans, grains and other miscellaneous grains. They are hung on the horns of oxen. The six animals of Italy are prosperous and the five grains are plentiful. They are safe and auspicious all the year round.
Spring Custom 3: bite spring
During the Spring Festival, people are used to eating radish, ginger, onion and pasta, which are called "biting spring". Yuncheng district, a newly married woman, her family to take back, known as' spring '. Linfen area is used to invite his son-in-law to eat spring cakes.
Biting spring refers to the custom of eating spring plates, pancakes, rolls and radishes on spring day. A word "biting" means a lot of food customs in a festival.
Spring plate spring cake is a dish filled with vegetables, fruits, cake bait, etc. to give to relatives and friends or to eat by oneself, which is called spring plate. Du Fu's poem "beginning of spring" said: "spring, spring plate lettuce, suddenly remember the two Beijing plum hair.". "The old story of Wulin" states: "Houyuan office makes spring dishes for entering, and distributes them to juyu, the chief minister of guidi, Cuiliu Hongsi, Jinji Yuyan. Each dish is worth ten thousand yuan. '
Spring plate has been in Jin Dynasty, which was called "five Xin plate". Generally speaking, five spices refers to five spicy dishes made of five spicy vegetables (onion, garlic, pepper, ginger and mustard). At that time, spring cakes and vegetables were placed in the same plate. In Tang and Song Dynasties, the trend of eating spring pancakes prevailed. The Emperor gave spring wine and spring pancakes to all officials and officials. Chen Yuanliang, a song native, wrote a book called "Guangji at the age of one year", which said: 'on the day before spring, spring pancakes came out from the big house and wine was given to officials and officials. 'the spring dish at that time was extremely exquisite and exquisite. In the Qing Dynasty, the emperor also rewarded Dan officials with spring pancakes and spring plates, and the recipients felt tears.
The custom of eating spring pancakes spread to the people, and they also enjoyed making dishes with pancakes and giving each other gifts. In the Qing Dynasty's Beiping custom collection middot; when he was a year old, it contained: in the spring, rich families ate spring cakes, prepared sauces, smoked meat and salted meat in the oven, and fried vegetables of various colors, such as spinach, leek, bean sprout, dry powder, eggs, etc., which were eaten with pancake rolls baked with flour. This is the festival custom of spring cake eating in old Beijing in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Up to now, Beijing still inherits this custom. There is a saying of "spring cake eating in spring".
When it comes to spring cakes, people who used to pay attention to them went to the pot cake shop to buy them. Listen to the old people. At the beginning of the Republic of China, there was a steamer shop called Baoyuanzhai in Xidan baozi street in Beijing. The pancakes were made of authentic materials and exquisite craftsmanship. They were the best in the capital. When they bought them home and heated them a little, they put scallion shreds on them, put on the six must live sweet pasta sauce, put on the "mixed vegetables" and eat a bowl of millet porridge. That was a seasonal delicacy.
Nowadays, spring cake can be made at home at any time. It can be baked or steamed with warm water. Its shape can be as big as a fan and as small as a bowl. One kilogram of flour can be baked into sixteen parts, two pages into one part. When you bake, put some sesame oil on one side of each cake, and it's easy to uncover when you eat it. Dishes are commonly known as "he Cai" (spring dish in ancient times). In addition to the necessary onion and sweet noodle sauce, other dishes can be more or less according to the family's hobbies, both raw and cooked, and complete in meat and vegetable. Among them, the hot dishes must have fried bean sprouts, yellow vegetables (eggs), fried leeks, dried tofu is the best. When eating spring pancakes, old Beijing pays most attention to roll them into a tube shape and eat them from the beginning to the end. As the saying goes, "there is a head and a tail.". In spring, the family enjoys eating at the table.
Spring Festival custom 4: fried spring rolls
Fried spring roll is also a traditional festival food in ancient spring dish. "When you are old" says: 'the rich and noble families in the capital make flour silkworms, which are filled with meat or vegetables & hellip; & hellip; is called detective silkworm. It is also called "exploring spring silkworm" because it does this in spring. Later, the sound harmony of silkworm characters was transformed into volume, which is the "spring roll" often eaten today. In ancient times, the buds of Chinese toon were often used as fillings. In the Yuan Dynasty, mutton was used as fillings. Nowadays, pork, bean sprouts, leeks, leeks and other fillings are mostly used as fillings. It's a good spring food because it's burnt outside and fragrant inside.
Spring custom 5: radish
Radish was called Lufan in ancient times. Su Dongpo's poem says: 'the roots of Lufan still contain Xiaolu. In autumn, frost and snow fill the east garden, and there are grandchildren in Lufan. In the old Pharmacopoeia, radish root and leaf can be raw, cooked and eaten as food, which has great medicinal value. Regular eating of radish can not only relieve spring sleepiness, but also help to soften blood vessels, reduce blood fat and stabilize blood pressure, relieve alcohol and regulate qi. It has the functions of nutrition, fitness and disease elimination. This is also the original intention of the ancients to advocate that people chew and eat turnips at the beginning of spring. Northern people like to eat raw radish, especially the heart of the United States and radish for the best. In the old days of Beijing, the radish of the Great Red Gate in Nanyuan was the most popular. There was a common saying that the radish of the Great Red Gate was called the Beijing gate.
In old Beijing, the peddlers and farmers of radish often carry the burden or push the cart to sell in the alleys: 'water radish, crispy and sweet!' after the housewives leave the hospital and pick up the radish, the peddler first uses a small knife to crack the 'inner beauty' to the top, then quickly unscrambles the radish skin, and then does not cut off the radish core according to the square grid
The whole radish is cut like a red peony in full bloom. It's very beautiful. When you take it home, the whole family breaks off GABA and nibbles it. It's really a crisp, sweet and spicy good spring food.