Folk experts said that Laba Festival opened the beginning of the Chinese New Year. People started the Chinese New Year mode by eating Laba porridge and making Laba garlic. After Laba is the new year, so from today on, we can start to prepare all kinds of new year's products. What's the difference between the customs of the South and the north?
Eating Laba porridge on Laba Festival also has certain precautions. People who are not suitable for eating: ① people with diabetes; ② people with stomach diseases; ③ people who are prone to allergies. In addition, when preparing Laba garlic and Laba tofu, we need to pay attention to the quantity control to avoid waste and excessive intake of nitrite.
What's the custom of Laba Festival? What's good for Laba Festival? As we all know, Laba Festival has the custom of eating Laba porridge, which is also called Qibao Wuwei porridge. The history of eating Laba porridge in China has been more than one thousand years.
Congee with Nuts and Dried Fruits
There is a custom of eating Laba porridge on this day, which is also called Qibao Wuwei porridge. The history of eating Laba porridge in China has been more than one thousand years. It began in Song Dynasty. On this day, Laba porridge is made by the court, the government, the temple and the common people. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of eating Laba porridge was even more popular. In the court, the emperor, empress, Prince, etc. all want to give Laba porridge to the Minister of culture and martial arts and the maid, and distribute rice, fruit, etc. to each temple for the monks to eat. In the folk, every family should also make Laba porridge to sacrifice their ancestors; at the same time, the family should gather together to eat and give gifts to relatives and friends.
There are different materials for Laba porridge in different areas, but they basically include rice, millet, glutinous rice, sorghum, purple rice, job's tears and other grains, soybeans, red beans, mung beans, kidney beans, cowpeas and other beans, red dates, peanuts, lotus seeds, wolfberry, chestnuts, walnuts, almonds, osmanthus, raisins, white fruits and other dried fruits. Laba porridge is not only a seasonal food, but also a good health food, especially suitable for maintaining the spleen and stomach in cold weather.
Cook 'five beans'
In some places, porridge is not called "Laba porridge", but "five beans". Some porridge is cooked on the day of Laba, some porridge is cooked on the fifth day of the first lunar month, and some "queer heads" are kneaded with noodles, cooked with rice and beans (five kinds of beans).
Laba vinegar
Laba vinegar, the traditional customs of Laba Festival. In northern China, there is a custom of brewing garlic with vinegar on the day of Laba, which is called "Laba vinegar". Laba vinegar, to soak to the first day of the new year, eat dumplings on the first day of the new year, to eat vegan dumplings, take a year of vegan and clean meaning, dip in Laba vinegar to eat, Laba garlic has a different taste. "Laba vinegar" not only tastes mellow, but also can't be put out for a long time.
Laba garlic
Laba garlic is to brew garlic on the eighth day of the lunar month, which is a custom in the north, especially in North China. The ingredients are vinegar and garlic cloves.
Pickled Laba garlic is a traditional snack mainly popular in the north, especially in North China, which is the food custom of Laba Festival. Make garlic on the eighth day of the lunar month. In fact, the material is very simple, that is, vinegar and garlic cloves. The method is also very simple. Put the peeled garlic into a can, bottle and other containers that can be sealed, then pour the vinegar into them, seal the mouth and put it in a cold place. Slowly, the garlic soaked in vinegar will turn green, and finally become green as jade. From the first day of the first lunar month to the eighth day of the first lunar month in northern China, the atmosphere of new year's Day is better than that of the last day. In most parts of North China, vinegar is used to soak garlic on the eighth day of the first lunar month, which is called Laba garlic.
Eat ice
The day before Laba, people usually ladle water in a steel basin to freeze. When Laba Festival comes, they take off the ice and break the ice into pieces. It's said that the ice on this day is magical. After eating it, you won't have stomachache for the next year.
Laba Tofu
Laba bean curd is one of the traditional folk snacks in Anhui Province. On the eighth day of the first lunar month before the Spring Festival, every family has to dry tofu. People call this kind of dried tofu "Laba tofu".
On the eighth day of the first lunar month before the Spring Festival, every family has to dry tofu. People call this kind of dried tofu "Laba tofu". The production method is to make tofu with first-class small soybeans, and cut it into round or square blocks, then put salt water on it, dig a small hole in the middle of the upper part, put some salt in it, and bake it slowly in the warm sun in winter, so that the salt will be inhaled gradually, and the water will be dried gradually, that is to say, wax tofu. The color of the finished product is yellow and runru jade, the entrance is soft, the taste is salty and sweet, fragrant and fresh.
If shrimp and other ingredients are added during drying, the taste is better. 'Laba tofu' is usually hung on straw rope in a ventilated place for air drying. It can be picked when eating. Generally, it can be dried for three months without deterioration or flavor change. It can be eaten alone or fried or stewed with meat. When entertaining distinguished guests, people in Fuxian county also carved them into animals and flowers, poured sesame oil, mixed with onion, ginger, garlic and other seasonings, and made them into cold dishes, which became a feast delicacy.
La Ba noodles
Laba noodles, the festival food of Laba Festival. Traditional pasta is popular in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province. In Chengcheng area of Weibei area of Shaanxi Province, Laba Festival generally does not drink porridge. Every morning on the eighth day of the lunar month, every family has to eat a bowl of Laba noodles.
With noodles and various beans (red beans for living) as raw materials, noodles need to be made into leek leaf noodles (noodles with the same width of leek leaves) for standby; red beans are soaked one night in advance, and Laba is used to cook soup that day. When the water is boiled, turn the small fire to the cooked red beans, and cook noodles over medium fire. At the same time, the cooked oil will stir fry the onion. After the noodles are cooked, pour the onion oil into the pot.
Wheat kernel rice
Xining Laba Festival does not drink porridge, but eat wheat kernel rice. In the evening of the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, the newly milled wheat kernels are boiled together with the beef and mutton. The seasonings such as green salt, ginger peel, pepper, grass and fruit, and Miao Xiang are added to the kernels, and the kernels are boiled gently overnight. According to the legend of Qinghai, December 8 of the lunar calendar is the day when Sakyamuni became a Taoist priest. Before becoming a Taoist priest, a shepherdess offered chyme and made porridge from Xianggu and fruit for Buddha. That porridge is MaiRen porridge, which became the "Laba porridge" later in Qinghai. According to this practice, later generations made this kind of food in Qinghai People's diet. It's also becoming popular in restaurants.
Customs of Laba Festival
1. The customs of Laba Festival in Shaanxi Province
After Laba porridge is cooked, we should first worship the gods and ancestors. After that, we should give gifts to relatives and friends. We must send them out before noon. Finally, it's for the whole family. It's a good omen to eat the leftover Laba porridge after a few days. Take the meaning of "surplus every year". If you give porridge to the poor, it's more to accumulate virtue for yourself. In some places where there is no or little rice production, people do not eat Laba porridge, but eat Laba noodles. Use all kinds of fruits and vegetables to make saozi and roll the noodles well. In the morning of the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family will eat together.
2. The customs of Laba Festival in Gansu Province
Laba porridge is traditionally cooked with grains and vegetables. After cooking, it is not only eaten by family members, but also distributed to neighbors and used to feed livestock. Wuwei area, Gansu Province, has paid attention to the "vegetarian Laba". It eats rice thick rice, lentil rice or thick rice. After cooking, it can be eaten with fried dumplings and Mahua. The folk custom calls it "lentil porridge soaked powder".
3. The customs of Laba Festival in Xining
On the Laba Festival, we don't eat porridge, but rice with wheat kernel. In the evening of the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, the newly milled wheat kernel is boiled together with the beef and mutton. With the green salt, ginger skin, pepper, grass fruit, Miao Xiang and other seasonings, the wheat kernel rice is extremely delicious after being cooked in a gentle fire all night.
4. The customs of Laba Festival in Jiangsu and Zhejiang
People in Jiangsu eat Laba porridge in sweet and salty ways. In Laba porridge, we need to add Zizania, water chestnut, Hu peach kernel, pine nut kernel, Gorgon fruit, red dates, chestnuts, agaric, green vegetables, Flammulina velutipes, etc. If it's salty porridge, add vegetables and oil.
Zhejiang people usually cook Laba porridge with walnuts, pine nuts, lotus seeds, red dates, longan meat, lychee meat, etc., sweet and delicious. It is said that this method of porridge cooking is still handed down from Nanjing.
5. The customs of Laba Festival in Northwest China
Laba Festival in the Northern Shaanxi plateau, porridge in addition to a variety of rice, beans, but also to join a variety of dried fruits, tofu and meat mix cooked. After eating, we should spread porridge on the door, the stove and the trees outside the door to ward off evil spirits and avoid disasters, and welcome the next year's agricultural harvest. Moreover, it is forbidden to eat vegetables on Laba day. If you eat vegetables this day, there will be more weeds in the crops. On the day of Laba, people not only eat Laba porridge, but also use porridge to worship ancestors and granaries.
6. The customs of Laba Festival in Ningxia
To make Laba rice, we usually use all kinds of beans, rice and potatoes to cook porridge, and then use wheat flour or buckwheat flour to cut into 'wheat ears' with rhombus willow leaves, or' sparrow head 'to make small round eggs. Before leaving the pot, we add onion oil. Like northern Shaanxi, the whole family only eat Laba rice, not vegetables.
7. The customs of Laba Festival in Beijing
Laba porridge in Beijing is the most exquisite. There are more things mixed in white rice, such as red dates, lotus seeds, walnuts, chestnuts, almonds, pine nuts, longan, grapes, white fruits, green silk, roses, red beans, peanuts & hellip; hellip; no less than 20 kinds. People begin to wash rice, soak fruit, peel and core on the seventh night of the first lunar month, and stew with low fire in the middle of the night until the next morning.