As winter comes, the weather turns colder. Many citizens find that the battery capacity of electric vehicles is much smaller or mileage is reduced than before. In summer, electric vehicles run fast and save electricity, but in winter, the battery life of electric vehicles is weakened. What is the reason?
So why is the battery life of electric vehicles shortened in winter?
If your electric car battery is lead-acid battery, the problem is obvious. Because the lead-acid battery is very sensitive to the temperature, when the temperature drops, the activity of various substances in the lead-acid battery will drop, and the power storage capacity will also drop significantly.
Lead acid battery is very 'cold', lead acid battery is generally used in the workplace with good natural ventilation and 15-35 ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature drops, the amount of electricity the battery can store drops. In the cold area of minus 20 or 30 degrees in the north, electric vehicles may not be used at all due to the low storage capacity of batteries.
From the chemical point of view, when there is chemical reaction inside the lead-acid battery, the surrounding temperature will play an important role: when the temperature is below 15 ℃, the charging capacity and storage capacity of the battery are only two thirds or less of the normal ambient temperature.
Why is the battery life of electric vehicles shortened in winter? These behaviors make your batteries quickly scrap!
1. Uphill. The power consumption on the uphill is very large. Some people who pay attention to the electric meter on the uphill have probably found that if the slope is steep and long, the electric meter may drop by one grid during the driving process! Therefore, from the perspective of battery protection for electric vehicles, if the slope is steep, it is better to get off the car and cart uphill.
2. Frequently apply or slam the brakes. Some young and energetic people like to drive electric cars out of sports cars, so they often ride with high power, so they often start and brake hard, which is very harmful to batteries. Its consumption of electricity is also far greater than that of constant speed driving. Soon, the batteries of electric vehicles will be basically abandoned. '
3. Use fast charging for a long time. Now it's very convenient to charge. Fast charging points of electric vehicles can be seen everywhere on the streets. One yuan can be invested and another ten kilometers can be run! However, it's very harmful to the battery, because the normal input voltage of the battery is 50 V, but the fast charging voltage is as high as 400 V. it only takes half an hour to fill the battery, too much, and the battery will be damaged quickly if used frequently.
4. Electric cars are idle. As the saying goes, electrical appliances are not broken, but idle. The same is true for electric vehicle batteries. If they are not used for a long time, the batteries will age rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to charge the battery once every other period of time, and at the same time drive the electric vehicle to run, so as to maintain the performance of the battery.
So how to improve the performance of batteries in winter?
1、 When charging, try to put the electric vehicle in a warm place, such as the basement and so on. Lead acid batteries' fear of cold 'throughout, suitable temperature can improve the charging capacity. Whether in discharging or charging, warm environment is conducive to the normal use of lead-acid batteries.
2、 Try to fill it as soon as you use it. In winter, the performance of lead-acid battery declines, so if more than half of it is recharged as in summer, it will cause great damage to the battery. If it can be recharged in time when it arrives at the company and goes home, the degree of battery discharge will be shallow, the charging will be timely, and the curing will be very light, so the battery life will be correspondingly prolonged.
3、 Minimize use. In addition to the "just need" of going to work, the use of electric vehicles should be reduced in winter, because lead-acid batteries are not suitable for winter, and it is very harmful to them in cold weather.