What is the life expectancy of Chinese women? According to the development report on China's maternal and child health (2019) released by the National Health Commission today, the life expectancy of Chinese women has increased to 79.4 years in 2015, the maternal mortality rate and child mortality rate have decreased, and the average life expectancy has reached 77 years.
Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the vast rural areas and remote areas were short of medicine, the maternal mortality rate was as high as 1500 / 100000, and the infant mortality rate was as high as 200 & permil;, Life expectancy is only 35 years. After the founding of new China, the health level of women and children has been continuously improved. In 2018, the maternal mortality rate dropped to 18.3/100000, and the infant mortality rate dropped to 6.1 & permil;, The average life expectancy is 77 years, which is at the average level of middle and high income countries.
Chinese women's life expectancy is gradually increasing, according to the report. In 2015, the life expectancy of Chinese women was 79.4 years, 8.9 years longer than that in 1990. The maternal mortality rate decreased steadily. In 1990, the national maternal mortality rate was 88.8/100000, and it decreased to 18.3/100000 in 2018, which was 79.4% lower than that in 1990.
The gap of maternal and child mortality between urban and rural areas and regions has narrowed. In 2018, the rural and urban maternal mortality rates were 19.9/100000 and 15.5/100000, respectively, which were 81.2% and 67.2% lower than those in 1990. In 1990, the ratio of maternal mortality in urban and rural areas was 1:2.2, which dropped to 1:1.3 in 18. In 2018, the maternal mortality rates in the eastern, central and western regions were 10.9/100000, 20.0/100000 and 25.2/100000 respectively, which decreased by 61.9%, 70.5% and 81.2% respectively compared with 1996. In 1996, the maternal mortality rate in the western region was 4.7 times that in the eastern region, and it dropped to 2.3 times in 2018.
China's neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate and mortality rate of children under 5 years old increased from 33.1 & permil; in 1991 to 33.1 & permil; in 1991 50.2‰ And 61.0 & permil;, To 3.9 & permil; in 2018 6.1‰ And 8.4 & permil;, 2%, 87. 8% and 86. 2% respectively. In 2018, the mortality rates of children under 5 years old in rural and urban areas were 10.2 & permil respectively; And 4.4 & permil;, Compared with 1991, they decreased by 85.7% and 78.9% respectively. In 2018, the mortality rates of children under 5 years old in eastern, central and western regions were 4.2 & permil; and 4.2 & permil; respectively 7.2‰、 12.7‰， Compared with 1991, it decreased by 87.5%, 89.1% and 87.3% respectively.
Qin Geng, director of the Department of women and children of the National Health Commission, said at a news conference held by the National Health Commission today that this is due to the sound network of maternal and child health care services in China, the continuous improvement of service quality and the improvement of health protection for women and children.
Qin Geng said that China has gradually formed a maternal and child health service network with Chinese characteristics, with maternal and child health care institutions as the core, grass-roots medical and health institutions as the foundation, large and medium-sized general hospitals, specialized hospitals and relevant scientific research and teaching institutions as the support. By 2018, there are 3080 maternal and child health care institutions, 807 maternity hospitals and 228 children's hospitals in China, with nearly 640000 employees, 400 million outpatient visits, 13.79 million inpatients and 338000 beds.
China has also increased investment in the construction of maternal and child health care institutions. From 2016 to 2018, the central government invested 8.48 billion yuan to support the construction of 561 maternal and child health care institutions nationwide. Using the Internet and big data platform, we can provide convenient services such as online appointment for diagnosis and treatment, waiting reminder, payment, diagnosis and treatment report query, comprehensively carry out appointment for diagnosis and treatment, and promote appointment for hospital delivery.
China has strengthened maternal and child health care, women's health care, reproductive health care and comprehensive prevention and treatment of birth defects, and made efforts to provide systematic and continuous maternal and child health services for all women and children. In addition, China has incorporated core indicators of maternal and child health and key policies and measures into the target assessment of governments at all levels, promoted the implementation of various tasks, and established a basic medical security system covering 1.35 billion people.
Through the comprehensive implementation of five systems, including pregnancy risk screening and assessment, high-risk maternal project management, critical care, maternal death case report and interview notification, China has made every effort to ensure maternal and child safety. Strengthen the top-level design, improve the prevention and control system, implement three-level prevention and control measures, strengthen the monitoring and treatment of key birth defects, and constantly improve the quality of the birth population.