4hw.org: summer is coming, and annoying mosquitoes are beginning to rage. At this time, mosquito repellent incense is quietly becoming popular. Mosquito repellent incense is a kind of mosquito repellent with insecticide ingredients. Do you know who invented the mosquito repellent incense? Why is the mosquito repellent incense a circle of shape? Let's learn about it with Xiaobian, absolutely rising posture!
Invention history of mosquito repellent incense
Mosquitoes are a kind of "blood sucking insect" that Chinese people hate very much. People have a long history of dislike for this kind of insect. Ouyang Xiu, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem about "mosquito hating", which said: "although there is little but many people, it is difficult to prevent poison"; it makes people sigh that "the smoke is so bitter that the walls are burning and the candles are so tired", which highlights the concept of people. Mosquito repellent incense with a long history is the first insecticide to be used. A similar stick made of traditional Chinese medicine appeared thousands of years ago in the Southern Song Dynasty.
In order to prevent the damage of mosquitoes, people gradually invented mosquito nets and mosquito repellent incense. Among them, the invention of mosquito repellent incense may be related to the hygienic custom of the Dragon Boat Festival and the custom of burning incense for sacrifice. According to Jingchu's chronicle of the age of Jin and Chu, the four people in the Dragon Boat Festival tread on all kinds of grass and gather AI as a human being. When they hang on the house, they will gather poisonous gas. In the early years of Dragon Boat Festival, people not only put wormwood in the door, but also often soak realgar wine on their bodies. This may make the air fresher, and the second is to prevent mosquito bites. I remember when I was young, when my mother ordered realgar wine on my forehead on Dragon Boat Festival, she said it could prevent mosquito bites. Of course, the general parents will hang a sachet for their children, and then eat some garlic to enhance the effect of disease prevention and insect repellent.
In addition, the invention of mosquito repellent incense may be related to the ancient custom of burning incense for sacrifice. As we all know, the custom of burning incense and offering sacrifices began in China very early. The earliest record of this custom is "Poetry & middot; Zhou Song & middot; Wei Qing": "Wei Qing wanted Xi, the book of King Wen, Zhao Zhen. It means that Zhou people sacrifice to heaven by burning some firewood and smoke, which is called "sacrifice" or "sacrifice". Later, in the book Zhou Li and middlet; chunguan and middlet; daidaibo, it is recorded that the duties of the great uncle include: 'to sacrifice the God of the heaven, the sun, the moon and the stars with real firewood, and the middle, the life, the wind, and the rain. 'note:' in my words, smoke. 'of course, it wasn't the later incense, just some firewood and cloth. There is a saying of "sacrifice, altogether Xiao Mao" in Zhou Li & middot; Tianguan. Xiao here is a kind of vanilla.
About Han Dynasty began to have a real incense burning, because there was a censer in Han Dynasty. In addition, according to historical records, there were records in the Han Dynasty that burning "moon to incense" was used to avoid epidemic diseases. It shows that the function of incense is also expanding with the change of material, from "communicating with gods" to "avoiding disease", so it seems reasonable to develop "mosquito repellent incense" for the purpose of "mosquito repellent".
The exact time when mosquito repellent incense appeared is not clear. From the above poems of Ouyang Xiu, we can see that people have used smoke to repel mosquitoes. However, Ouyang Xiu's poems do not mention what kind of materials are used to produce smoke. The original mosquito repellent incense appeared in Song Dynasty. According to the records of Ge Wu rough talk compiled in the name of sushi in the Song Dynasty: 'at the Dragon Boat Festival, collect and store duckweeds, dry them in the shade, add realgar, wrap them with paper, burn them, and get rid of mosquitoes. This should be an earlier "mosquito repellent incense", and the raw materials for making mosquito repellent incense are pointed out. Realgar is a kind of arsenic sulfide ore, and also an insecticide widely used in ancient times. The book also mentions that when making mosquito repellent incense, people can't help but think that the mosquito repellent incense is related to the planting of wormwood and the use of realgar wine.
Mosquito repellent incense of Song Dynasty was further improved in Jiangnan area of Qing Dynasty. Robert Fortune, an Englishman who came to China in modern times to collect tea, wrote about "living among the Chinese". In 1849, the British horticulturist was on his way from western Zhejiang to Wuyi Mountain in Fujian Province. Because of the hot and humid climate, he and his entourage were all bitten by mosquitoes all night. Later, his entourage bought a mosquito repellent incense used by some local people, which was very effective in killing mosquitoes. Later, he brought this information back to Europe, which aroused great interest of Western entomologists and chemists, and asked him what kind of substance this mosquito repellent incense was made of. Later, he learned the formula of the mosquito repellent incense in Dinghai, Zhejiang Province, and found that the mosquito repellent incense was made of pine powder, Artemisia powder, tobacco powder, a small amount of arsenic and sulfur.
In the book "Tan Zi Diao Chong" at the end of the Ming Dynasty, it is recorded that "mosquitoes have a bad habit of smoking, and the old clouds will be destroyed if they are smoked by AI. However, it is not easy to get Ai. The common medicine is eel, eel, turtle and other bones, which are wrapped in paper for three or four feet and smoked at night. The above records show that the ancients did use Artemisia argyi, which was hung in the open air on the Dragon Boat Festival, as the material of the mosquito. Of course, the production of this "mosquito repellent incense" may also be related to the inspiration of AI's use in acupuncture. According to the Song Dynasty "the meaning of the grass" records: "the dried wormwood leaves are pounded and sifted to remove the green residue and get the white, and the stone sulfur is the sulfur and wormwood roasted". It is likely that on the basis of this kind of processing technology, people associate the dried duckweed with realgar powder to produce a practical mosquito repellent incense.
Although there were mosquito repellent incense in ancient China, it was first carried out by foreigners to carry out technological innovation and industrial production.
Components of mosquito repellent incense
The components of mosquito repellent incense include: organophosphorus (trichlorfon / chlorpyrifos / pest enemies), carbamate (propoxur / methomyl), pyrethroid (permethrin / cypermethrin / propynethrin / pyrethroid / es biological pyrethroid). Among them, organophosphorus is the most toxic, pyrethroid is the least toxic, and it is micro toxic. The carriers of coil incense are carbon powder and sawdust, while the carriers of electric mosquito repellent incense are carbon hydrogen compounds. It is suitable for outdoor and balcony use because of its pollution and smoke. It is suitable for indoor use.
Principle of mosquito repellent incense
The principle of solid electric mosquito repellent incense is to inhale the insecticide (pyrethroid) into the paper and evaporate the insecticide with hot gas. The general efficacy can be maintained for 6-8 hours. The disadvantage is that when it is first used, the efficacy is good, which may be "excessive". But after 4-5 hours, the insecticide volatilizes completely, the efficacy becomes poor, and the mosquito control effect becomes weak.
Liquid electric mosquito repellent incense can make up for the shortcomings of electric mosquito repellent incense by using capillary principle and continuous heating to release insecticides. Liquid electric mosquito repellent incense can be used continuously for a long time, about 60 days, or even released regularly.
Mosquito repellent incense is the use of high-temperature combustion, the insecticide slowly released into the air, mosquito repellent effect is greater than mosquito killing effect.
The harm of mosquito repellent incense
Most of the effective components of mosquito repellent incense are pyrethroid insecticides, organic fillers, adhesives, dyes and other additives. Therefore, there are many harmful substances in the smoke burning mosquito repellent incense, which may induce asthma and other diseases.
It is estimated that the amount of particles released by burning a roll of mosquito repellent incense is roughly the same as that of burning about 100 cigarettes. The released ultrafine particles can enter and remain in the lungs, which may cause asthma in the short term and cancer in the long term. The second is carcinogens produced by incomplete combustion of mosquito repellent base materials, and some compounds that can stimulate the upper respiratory tract, which can cause human nervous system poisoning.
According to the report made by the Institute of health, in addition to the chemical substances such as Lenin and toluene, there are many unknown and harmful compounds released from the mosquito repellent incense.
It is recommended to use electric mosquito repellent incense and liquid mosquito repellent incense. They are directly distributed by liquid medicine and have no auxiliary materials.