4hw.com.cn: now is the time for candidates to fill in and submit their wishes after the college entrance examination. We all know that choosing a good major in the future will not only have no worries about employment, but also unlimited future. So what are the hot majors for science students in 2018? Let's have a look.
1、 Computer class
The computer specialty has a wide range of applications, many intersections, and covers all walks of life, which determines that the field of employment is very wide.
According to statistics from the employment guidance center of the Ministry of education, the employment rate of computer science and technology majors in recent years ranges from 86% to 90%. So, which professionals are favored by the market? For example, there is a large gap of high-end talents in software development, and the employment salary is not poor. There are also software engineering majors separated now, and some powerful colleges and universities have also established software colleges, which have high starting points, new theories, and expensive tuition fees. In terms of hardware maintenance, because the technical content is not very high, undergraduates are often robbed of their jobs by vocational school students with outstanding technology and low price.
2、 Mechanics
The core specialty is engineering mechanics, which is the foundation of almost all engineering specialties (machinery, civil engineering, materials, energy, transportation, aviation, aerospace, ship, water conservancy, chemical industry, etc.). If the science of engineering mechanics, graduate students to learn mechanical, civil, energy, transportation and other engineering disciplines is very beneficial.
The top 20 universities ranked by the Ministry of education include Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Harbin University of technology, China University of science and technology, Peking University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Northwest University of technology, Dalian University of technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Tianjin University, Beijing University of technology, Zhejiang University, Tongji University, South China University of technology, Beijing Science and technology University, Shanghai University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Sichuan University, National Defense University of science and technology.
Among them, mechanics of Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Harbin University of technology, China University of science and technology, Peking University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Dalian University of technology and Shanghai Jiaotong University are the national key disciplines.
3、 Clinical medicine
In recent years, the admission scores of medical colleges and universities are generally higher. According to the data of sunshine college entrance examination platform, the employment rate of clinical medicine major is between 80% and 85%; the scale of graduates is about 65000 to 70000. In the past three years, the employment rate of each major in comprehensive medicine is basically between 75% and 80%.
Due to the particularity of the subject, it is an indisputable fact that the employment of medical specialty is narrow. Especially in clinical medicine, although there are many graduates every year, the employment rate is not particularly high. In fact, less than 40% of medical college graduates are employed in hospitals. The system of big hospitals in China is basically state institutions, and many people want to enter big hospitals in big cities. Therefore, the employment rate of hospitals in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai is quite low. The establishment of public hospitals is limited, and the development of private hospitals in China is very general, so it is unable to digest a large number of graduates every year. Not only undergraduates, but also Postgraduates of clinical medicine are facing employment problems in recent years.
4、 Mechanical Engineering
The core specialty is mechanical design and manufacturing, automation and mechanical engineering.
The top 20 universities ranked by the Ministry of education are: Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Tsinghua University, Harbin University of technology, Zhejiang University, Beijing University of science and technology, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Chongqing University, Dalian University of technology, Hunan University, Jilin University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Northeast University, Yanshan University, Shan University East University, Central South University, Beijing University of science and technology, Northwest University of technology.
Among them, mechanical engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Tsinghua University, Harbin University of technology, Zhejiang University, Beijing University of science and technology, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Chongqing University, Hunan University, Jilin University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanshan University and Central South University is a national key discipline.
5、 Electric power
The core specialty is electrical engineering and automation
The top 20 universities ranked by the Ministry of education are: Tsinghua University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Zhejiang University, Chongqing University, Tianjin University, Harbin University of technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, North China Electric Power University (Beijing and Baoding), Southeast University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Shenyang University of technology, China University of mining and Technology (Xuzhou and Beijing), South China University of technology, South China University of Technology Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing University, Wuhan University, Harbin University of science and technology, Sichuan University and Hehai University.
Among them, the electrical engineering and automation of Tsinghua University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of science and technology, Zhejiang University and Chongqing University are national key disciplines.
6、 Thermal and power engineering
Major introduction: this major cultivates senior engineering technology and management talents who can be engaged in energy engineering such as refrigeration, air conditioning, heating, etc. The major contents include automobile engine, turbomachinery, boiler and heat exchange equipment, refrigeration and air conditioning, new energy development and utilization.
Employment prospects: in the national economy and departments, engaged in the design, manufacturing, operation, management, experimental research and installation, development, marketing and other work of Power Engineering (such as hydropower power engineering, refrigeration and low temperature engineering, air conditioning engineering) of power machinery (such as thermal engine, fluid machinery, hydraulic machinery). This major belongs to the category of energy and power, which is one of the key development fields of the state and has a broad development prospect.
7、 Electrical engineering and automation
Professional introduction: this major cultivates wide caliber 'compound' advanced engineering talents who can be engaged in the fields of system operation, automatic control, power electronic technology, information processing, test analysis, research and development, economic management and computer application related to electrical engineering.
Employment prospects: after graduation, I can work in electric power research institutes, electric power planning and design institutes, automation high-tech companies, local electric power companies, power plants and power departments of non electric enterprises. It can further study in power system automation, computer application technology, agricultural electrification and automation and other major professional directions.
8、 Aircraft power engineering
Professional introduction: this major cultivates senior technical personnel of civil aviation maintenance who meet the needs of modernization and internationalization of civil aviation, who not only have a solid theoretical basis, a wide range of knowledge, but also have basic skills training of engineers, and have strong practical ability and adaptability.
Employment prospects: mainly engaged in the overall design, structural design and research, structural strength analysis and test of aircraft (including spacecraft and launch vehicle), and general machinery design and manufacturing. With the rapid development of aerospace industry in recent years, the graduates of aircraft power engineering who develop engines are in short supply every year. Most of the students majoring in aircraft power engineering are engaged in research work in the fields of aviation, aerospace, civil aviation, etc. However, many students went to energy, transportation, pipeline and other departments to show their talents. These national key projects and major projects all rely on the core components refitted from aerospace engines.
9、 Frontier management
Professional introduction: this major cultivates senior professionals who can meet the needs of public security frontier work in the new era, develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically, have solid basic theory, high professional quality, strong practical ability and innovative spirit, and can be engaged in national (border) management, entry-exit frontier inspection and military management.
Employment prospects: mainly engaged in national (border) management and entry-exit frontier inspection work in the border defense forces and entry-exit management departments. The one-time employment rate of graduates is 100%. China has a vast territory. With the in-depth development of reform, the field of opening up will be wider and wider, and the number of import and export ports will increase accordingly. In addition, the current international situation is not stable. In order to prevent some sinister forces and individual illegal elements from entering the country, the border defense management will be more important.
10、 Civil Engineering
The so-called big civil engineering. It refers to the planning, construction and maintenance of all infrastructure related to water, soil and culture. At present, general civil engineering projects include: roads, water services, drainage services, flood control works and transportation. In the past, all civil engineering projects for non military purposes have been classified into this category. However, with the development of Engineering Science, many contents that originally belonged to the scope of civil engineering have become independent subjects. At present, in a narrow sense, civil engineering is equal to civil engineering, that is, the small scope of Construction Engineering (or structural engineering).
This major cultivates senior engineering technical talents who master basic theories and basic knowledge of various civil engineering disciplines and can be engaged in planning, design, construction, management and research in the fields of housing construction, underground construction (including mine construction), road, tunnel, bridge construction, hydropower station, port and offshore structures and facilities, water supply and drainage and foundation treatment.
Students of this major mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of engineering mechanics, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, municipal engineering, water supply and drainage engineering and water conservancy engineering. They are basically trained in engineering drawing, engineering surveying, computer application, professional experiment, structural design and construction practice, as well as engaged in Construction Engineering, traffic civil engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering Harbor Engineering, coastal engineering and water supply and drainage: the ability of planning, design, construction, management and related research of the project.
The major of wood and soil engineering can be divided into two different directions: Road and bridge engineering and construction engineering. In the career, the positions of these two directions are not only unified in general, but also different in details. In general, the main employment directions of civil engineering specialty are as follows:
1. Engineering technology direction, representative positions: construction worker, construction engineer, structural engineer, technical manager, project manager, etc.
2. Design, planning and budget direction, representative positions: project designer, structure review, urban planner, budget clerk, Budget Engineer, etc.
3. Quality supervision and project supervision direction, representative position: supervision engineer.