How to distinguish anxiety and depression? What are the characteristics of anxiety and depression
4hw.org: in today's high-pressure living environment, many people will have anxiety. If anxiety is serious, it will form a mental illness just like depression. If a patient suffers from anxiety, he will be anxious about everything he does. He will feel uneasy, full of anxiety, fear and despair about things, and the features of anxiety and depression overlap to a large extent. So how to judge anxiety and depression? What are the characteristics of anxiety and depression?
I. depression
1. Low mood
The main manifestations were significant and lasting depression, depression and pessimism. Those who are light are unhappy, unhappy, and interested in less, while those who are heavy are miserable, pessimistic and desperate, living like a year, and living like death. The depressive mood of typical patients has the rhythm change of heavy morning and light night. On the basis of low mood, patients will have a reduced self-evaluation, a sense of uselessness, hopelessness, helplessness and worthlessness, often accompanied by self accusation and self guilt. In serious cases, they will have delusions of guilt and hypochondriasis, and some patients may have hallucinations.
2. Slow thinking
Patients have slow thinking and association, slow response, blocked thinking, and consciously 'brain is like a rusty machine' and 'brain is like a layer of paste'. Clinically, it can be seen that the active speech is reduced, the speed of speech is obviously slowed down, the voice is low, and it is difficult to answer. In serious cases, the communication cannot be carried out smoothly.
3. Decrease of will activity
The patient's will activity was inhibited significantly and persistently. Clinical manifestations are slow behavior, passive life, laziness, do not want to do things, do not want to contact with people around, often sitting alone, or lying in bed all day, living alone, alienating relatives and friends, avoiding social contact. When it is serious, even eating, drinking and other physiological needs and personal hygiene are ignored. It is unkempt and untidy, and even develops into silence, immobility and non eating, which is called 'depressive stupor'. However, after careful mental examination, the patients still show pain and depression. Patients with anxiety may have symptoms such as restlessness, finger grasping, rubbing hands and feet, or pacing up and down. Severe patients are often accompanied by negative suicidal ideas or behaviors. Negative and pessimistic thoughts, self accusation and self guilt, lack of self-confidence can germinate the idea of despair. They think that 'ending one's own life is a kind of relief', and 'living one's own life in the world is redundant', and will make suicide attempt develop into suicide behavior. This is the most dangerous symptom of depression, so we should be alert.
4. Cognitive impairment
It is believed that cognitive impairment exists in patients with depression. It is mainly manifested in memory decline, attention disorder, response time extension, increased alertness, poor abstract thinking ability, learning difficulties, poor language fluency, spatial perception, eye hand coordination and thinking flexibility. Cognitive impairment leads to social dysfunction and long-term prognosis.
5. Physical symptoms
There are mainly sleep disorders, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, constipation, pain in any part of the body, hypolibido, impotence, amenorrhea, etc. Body complaints of body discomfort can involve various organs, such as nausea, vomiting, panic, chest tightness, sweating, etc. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction are also common. The main complaint of pre disease physical disease is usually aggravated. Sleep disorders are mainly manifested as early wake-up, generally 2-3 hours earlier than usual, and can no longer sleep after waking up, which has a characteristic significance for depression. Some patients have difficulty in falling asleep, but not deep sleep; a few patients have too much sleep. Weight loss is not necessarily proportional to anorexia, a small number of patients may have increased appetite, weight gain.
Symptoms of anxiety
1. Sleep problems
Difficulty sleeping or restlessness is often related to anxiety. Many anxiety patients think about things before going to bed, like the brain 'traffic jam', and even wake up hard to calm down.
2. Excessive worry
Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by over thinking. If you worry for more than 4 days a week, lasting for half a year, and the bad mood is painful, and affects your life and work, you may be suffering from anxiety.
3. Muscle tension
People who clench their hands, have a stiff back, and clench their chin often have stiff muscles. It can be reduced by regular exercise.
4. Chronic dyspepsia
The gastrointestinal tract is very sensitive to psychological pressure, so anxiety is often manifested through physical symptoms. The most common is irritable bowel syndrome, which is characterized by stomach colic, abdominal distention, constipation or diarrhea.
5. stage fright
Some people have a strong fear of social activities, even spend a lot of time thinking about the upcoming social activities; they are extremely uncomfortable in social occasions, and do not know how to adjust. These symptoms make it difficult for them to maintain social relations, work or academic setbacks.
6. Irrational fear
Phobia is one of anxiety disorders. Some people are afraid for a long time, but they don't have specific fear objects. It may be that anxiety disorders are doing something wrong.
7. Panic attacks
It is a sudden feeling of fear and helplessness, often lasting for several minutes, accompanied by dyspnea, numbness of hands and feet, sweating, dizziness and fatigue.
8. Relive the damage
A study shows that social anxiety patients tend to experience the same kind of reliving injury as post-traumatic stress disorder patients, such as repeating the previously derided images in their minds.
9. Self doubt
Some people will repeatedly question themselves around a certain question, such as' do I love my husband ',' am I a capable person ', etc. These questions are not always able to be answered in one sentence or two sentences, nor are they absolute. But they have to come up with an exact answer, which makes them very tired.
10. Repeat
Some people talk to everyone around them repeatedly when they encounter a little incident. Like Sister Xianglin, it may be a sign of anxiety.