The lunar calendar is a calendar commonly used in China in addition to the Gregorian calendar. China's unique 24 solar terms date is set according to the lunar calendar. In life, people often regard the lunar calendar as the lunar calendar, so is the lunar calendar really the lunar calendar? In fact, the lunar calendar and the lunar calendar are not the same. They are two different calendars. The lunar calendar is a combination of yin and Yang. But the Gregorian calendar in the 'Yin Yang calendar' does not refer to the Gregorian calendar we use now, the Gregorian calendar in ancient China in the 20th century. In order to make you better understand the calendar used in China, this article will introduce the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar and their relationship in detail.
Is the lunar calendar lunar or Gregorian? Is the lunar calendar a combination of yin and Yang
The lunar calendar is neither lunar nor Gregorian, but a combination of yin and Yang, commonly known as the summer calendar. But people also commonly call the lunar calendar the lunar calendar!
Lunar calendar
The lunar calendar is formulated according to the cycle of the change of the moon phase (i.e. the new moon). Because the ancients called the moon Taiyin, it is also called tailunar calendar. It is a pure lunar calendar. China uses the lunar calendar. Most people call it lunar calendar, which is wrong. The lunar calendar is not a pure lunar calendar, but a yin-yang calendar.
The lunar calendar counts the time when the moon circulates once as a month and 12 months as a year. However, the moon circulates once -- a new moon, which is 29 days, 12:44:3, more than 29 days and less than 30 days. For convenience, the lunar calendar divides the month into big month and small month. The single month is 30 days of the big month, and the double month is 29 days of the small month, a total of 354 days a year.
In fact, a new moon is not exactly equal to the average of a big month and a small month - 29 days and a half, but 44 minutes and 2.8 seconds more than 29 days and a half. Therefore, 12 new moons are actually 8 hours, 48 minutes and 34 seconds more than 354 days, and 11 days more in 30 years. Therefore, 11 leap years will be inserted in the 30 years of the lunar calendar, and every leap year will add one more day in 12 months. The leap year of the lunar calendar is 355 days. In this way, the lunar calendar has 354 days in 19 years and 355 days in 11 years. The average length of a year is 354 days, 8 hours and 48 minutes. Its year is almost 11 days shorter than the year of return. Three years is more than a month short, and 17 years is more than six months short. Therefore, using this diachronic method, the new year is not necessarily spent in winter. It can be spent in spring, summer or autumn. Its only advantage is that the shape of the moon can be known on every date of the lunar calendar.
As a calendar, the lunar calendar is not coordinated with agricultural production and people's daily life. Therefore, in the world, except for several Islamic countries, which are still used for religious reasons, other countries have generally been abandoned.
lunar calendar
The lunar calendar is a combination of yin and Yang, also known as the summer calendar. The calendar month of the lunar calendar is based on the new moon. The time of new moon is 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds on the 29th (i.e. 29.5366), so the lunar calendar is also 30 days of the big moon and 29 days of the small moon, but it is not exactly the same as the pure lunar calendar, because the pure lunar calendar is arranged alternately by large and small months, and the large and small months of the lunar year are calculated and determined.
The lunar calendar takes the time of the new moon as the average time of the calendar month. This is the same as the pure lunar calendar, but the lunar calendar uses the method of setting leap months and 24 solar terms to make the average length of calendar years equal to the regression year. In this way, it has the composition of the Gregorian calendar, so it is better than the pure lunar calendar.
It is said that our ancestors used this calendar as far back as the Xia Dynasty (before the 17th century BC). So people also call it the summer calendar. After liberation, it was still called the summer calendar. After 1970, it was renamed the lunar calendar in China. As for the origin of the name of the lunar calendar, probably because the country was founded on agriculture since ancient times, the formulation of the calendar must serve agriculture.
The first day of each lunar month coincides with the new moon (that is, when the moon is in the middle of the sun and the earth and faces the earth with a dark half). Sometimes there may be two big months, or two small months in a row. Because the new moon is slightly more than 29 and a half days, there are 53 big months and 47 small months in Rio every 100 calendar months of the lunar calendar.
The lunar calendar basically takes 12 months as a year, but the time of 12 new moon is 354.3667 days, which is about 11 days different from the year of return. In this way, there will be 33 more days every three years, that is, more than one month.
In order to eliminate the redundant days, one month should be added every three years, which is the leap month of the lunar calendar. A year with a leap month is also called a leap year. So the leap year of the lunar calendar has 13 months. The leap month is determined by the solar terms.