Today, the material is very rich, unlike when I was a child, I look forward to the new year, wear new clothes, eat delicious food, and have two or three yuan to celebrate the new year. Now new year's day, without many years' taste, temple fairs are simply a simple reproduction of cultural atavism. It's not as if you have to go to temple fairs to have a look at curiosities in your old life, or you won't count as new year's day. At present, it's not important to eat, drink and drink during the Spring Festival. What I hope is to have a few days off. It is necessary for friends to get together as children, visit relatives and friends. If possible, they can take advantage of their holidays to travel.
Holiday is not a product of modern society. It has existed in ancient times. There are three major festivals in ancient times. Spring Festival, winter solstice and cold food festival. So how did ancient times stipulate holidays?
During the reign of Tang Xuanzong (712-756), he issued the order of vacation, which stipulated: 'Yuan Zheng and winter solstice were given seven days' leave respectively. "Yuanzheng" means the Spring Festival. Spring Festival and winter solstice are off for seven days. In the early Tang Dynasty, there were three days off for cold food festival, and then the holiday was increased to seven days. In this way, there were three "golden weeks" in the whole year of Tang Dynasty, and the expressway was absolutely free. "Tang Huiyao" records the adjustment of the national holidays in the Zhengyuan period of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty (779-805). Apart from the adjustment of the three-day holiday of cold food festival to seven days, it also stipulates that the Mid Autumn Festival, Laba Festival, the summer solstice, the birthday of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty are all three days off. In addition, 21 traditional festivals are also one day off. In this way, the statutory holidays of Tang Dynasty are far more than today. In Tang Dynasty, the seven-day holiday of Spring Festival is based on three days before and after Yuanzheng, that is, three days before and after the first day of the lunar new year, plus the first day of the lunar new year, just seven days. That is to say, from December 28 to the fourth and fifth day of the first month, it seems more reasonable. In the Tang Dynasty, the school also had a modern "winter vacation". Generally, it had a holiday on the 20th of the twelfth lunar month, and classes began on the 20th of the first lunar month, for a whole month. Officials in the Tang Dynasty have to work harder. On the first day of the lunar new year, all officials, civil and military, and senior local officials must go to the court to pay homage to the emperor. During the Spring Festival, the local chief executive must be on duty in the Yamen and cannot go home. His family can be reunited with him in the Yamen. Wei Yingwu, an idyllic poet of Tang Dynasty, once worked as a governor of Suzhou. He wrote a poem "sent to his younger brother on the first day and presented it to Cui Dushui": "one from Shouzi County, his temples were full of hair. Xinzheng adds years to my life, so I'm old enough to surpass others. Huaibin benefit time, like the mid autumn moon. The scenery of Sichuan Valley is warm, and the city is full of vegetation. Gaozhai is full of leisure, melancholy and fragrant things. When will the sun and the moon return to you. 'the main idea is: since I was the county Lord, I haven't been home for the new year, my hair is white, and I'm not interested in watching the scenery of spring and autumn. The Yamen is cold and quiet, boring, and I miss my relatives and friends without a leader. As mentioned above, Emperor Dezong also wrote a song "returning to the camp on the first day of the reign of emperor Guanjun": "sacrificing the age of emperor Yuanshuo, Wan Fangxian is in court.". After bowing to the group, I went back to the chariot to read Shizhen. The colorful battle stays in the hall of Hua, and retreats to the forbidden camp. Branches left and right, turn around. History tends to return to the road, containing the reflection layer city. Bravery and agility make the silence quiet. This military and brigade Festival is a celebration of the integrity of the good Samaritans. When the feast, but also to help Wen Jing 'accept the new year, but also read the soldiers, busy day, meaning is not enough. After the rebellion of emperor Dezong an and Shi, he took over a mess and was more diligent. During his reign, civil and military officials took a one-day and two-day leave. When they went to the court on one day, they took two-day leave, and only four days for seven days.
The Song Dynasty basically followed the practice of the Spring Festival holiday of the Tang Dynasty, which was also a seven-day holiday, three days before and after the first day of the first lunar month. According to the records of the history of Song Dynasty, from Emperor Taizong to Emperor Zhenzong (976-1022), Spring Festival, winter solstice and cold food were all seven days' holidays. The Mid Autumn Festival, Chongyang Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Qixi Festival and other festivals have only three days' holiday at most, or even one day's holiday. The Spring Festival in Song Dynasty includes three periods: busy New Year, new year's day and noisy new year. The Lantern Festival is also a part of "new year", and it once took seven days off. In addition, Zhao Kuangyin, the father of emperor Taizu of Song Dynasty, died on the seventh day of the first lunar month, and had a seven-day holiday; song Renzong's mother had a three-day holiday for her tenth birthday. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu reign of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, due to the legend that there was a letter of heaven descending to the world, Emperor Zhenzong issued an imperial edict to set the third day of the first month as the day of celebration, and officials took five days off. In this way, there are several long holidays from December to the first month, and they can't work for several days.
The local officials in Song Dynasty are relatively happy. They go home to celebrate the new year on the 20th of the 12th lunar month, and have a month off on the 20th of the first lunar month. On the first day of the lunar new year, the ministers of the imperial court should go to the court without asking for leave. After the reunion dinner, I took a nap when I was old. I had to go to the Imperial Palace in the early morning of the first day of the first month to attend the 'great meeting of the first day of the first day of the first month' and pay a new year to the emperor. At that time, diplomats from Liao, Gaoli, Xixia, Khotan, Huihe and other places came to present gifts. The Emperor gave each of them a flower and put it on the official hat. During the Song Dynasty, Bao Zhengbao, a famous minister, once changed the seven-day long Spring Festival holiday to five days. According to the records of Wenchang written by Pang Yuanying of Song Dynasty, Bao Zheng was appointed as the envoy of the third division. In the last words, there were many things left over during the seven days' holiday. Please give me five days' leave since then. Bao Zheng was a workaholic. When song Renzong was the third secretary, he was the Minister of finance. He always felt that time was not enough. So he wrote to Emperor Renzong and cut the seven-day long holiday to five days. This led to the dissatisfaction of the vast majority of officials, and the Spring Festival holiday was restored to seven days in the Song Dynasty.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were only three major festivals, namely, the Spring Festival, the winter solstice and the emperor's birthday. Plus new year's day, Lantern Festival and Zhongyuan (July 15 of the lunar calendar), the annual leave is only more than 50 days. The vacation system in the early Qing Dynasty basically followed the Ming Dynasty. However, there were still some "golden months" in the Qing Dynasty. Winter solstice, new year's day and Lantern Festival are linked up in the form of long seal holidays, and there is about a month before and after. Therefore, on the day of sealing, officials will invite colleagues to get together and have a drink to "pay for one year's work".
The ancient dynasties only stipulated the system of officials' vacation, but there was no regulation for other classes except the state system, especially for farmers. Businessmen and other social groups can only take holidays according to the Convention. Farmers have certain holidays in spring and autumn, as well as the festival of the God of land, which is often called "social day". However, for farmers, they can spend their time on their own because of their farming time, and it is of little significance not to take holidays.