What are the infectious diseases in spring? 1 influenza
Brief introduction: it is a kind of acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, which is directly transmitted from person to person through droplets. Within 3 days after the onset of the disease, the most infectious fever subsided or most of them did not expel the virus after one week. Hand and clothing contaminated by droplets can also be transmitted indirectly, but the chance of transmission is limited because the influenza virus does not survive in the air for more than 30 minutes.
Symptoms: common cold type, acute onset, high fever, headache, backache, limb pain, fatigue, etc. soon, there will be sore throat, dry cough, runny nose, conjunctival congestion, tears, and local lymph nodes swelling. There are also some patients with abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distention and other gastrointestinal manifestations.
Experts remind: do not despise the flu. If the flu is not treated in time in the early stage, it will lead to complications and high possibility of death. Almost tens of thousands of people in the United States have died from the flu.
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis
Introduction: the epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis is a suppurative inflammation caused by meningococcal infection, and has strong infectious. In the winter and spring, the incidence rate of meningitis can be the first place in acute bacterial infectious diseases. The susceptible groups were children, the elderly and migrant workers.
Symptoms: meningococci first invade the respiratory tract, and the patient will have symptoms similar to upper respiratory tract infection on the first day, such as fever, cough, etc. On the second to third days, the pathogenic bacteria entered the blood system quickly, forming septicemia, leading to septic shock. The patient presented with chills, high fever and ecchymosis. Bacteria can also enter brain tissue, causing meningitis, headaches, vomiting, convulsions.
Experts remind: if the central nervous system infection caused by cerebrospinal meningitis is not treated in time and effectively, the patient may die of circulatory failure and respiratory failure, with a mortality rate of about 10%. If the patient has a sudden high fever accompanied by severe headache and vomiting, do not blindly take cold medicine to relieve pain and fever, but go to the hospital immediately.
Varicella
Introduce: cause by varicella virus, give a rash on the day of fever commonly, include papule, blister, scabby rash that forms after blister breaks, etc. The rash is itchy. The patient often scratches involuntarily. Once scratched, it is easy to cause bacterial infection, so special care should be taken. It is easy to get chickenpox in school students, because playing together, it is very easy to cross infection, sometimes adults without chickenpox will also be infected.
Symptoms: the first two days of onset are very similar to a cold, but with a fever, there will be a red rash on the body.
4 measles
Introduction: measles is a common acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus. Spring is a high incidence season.
Symptoms: the symptoms of the first three days are very similar to those of a cold, including fever, runny nose, cough, sneeze, etc., and some have red eyes, photophobia and watery eyes. However, in the late stage of fever, small white spots can appear in the mouth of the patient, and there is a red halo around. On the fourth day of the onset, the patient began to develop a rash, first from the back of the ear, centered on the earlobe, and gradually developed from the neck to the face, chest, back, limbs, hands and feet, lasting for three days. Over the next three days, the rash gradually subsided. So, people often call measles "burn for three days, go out for three days, retire for three days".
Experts remind: measles itself is not terrible, but it is easy to cause pneumonia, heart failure, encephalitis and other complications, serious life-threatening. Therefore, once infected with measles, should be timely to the hospital with infectious diseases for isolation treatment.
Scarlet fever
Brief introduction: acute respiratory infectious disease caused by hemolytic streptococcus B, early pharyngeal hyperemia, tonsil swelling, generally rash within 24 hours after fever, first ear, neck, upper chest, spread to the whole body in a day. The rash is bright red, needle size, like "gooseflesh". If you press it with your fingers, the red halo will subside temporarily and return to scarlet in 10 seconds.
Symptoms: fever, sore throat, headache, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms in early stage, similar to cold and fever.
Rubella
Introduce: cause by rubella virus, general symptom is lighter, but it is easy to cause collective outbreak in kindergarten, primary and secondary school, laborer dormitory, so also must cause enough attention.
Symptoms: have low fever and mild cold symptoms, usually fever day or the next day rash, first face and neck, spread to the whole body within a day.
Summary: the above is the knowledge of infectious diseases in spring. Do you know the infectious diseases that are easy to recruit in spring? Spring is not only a period of high incidence of disease, but also a very high probability of infection in children. We should pay attention to protect ourselves, do not win!