1. Jiayuguan
It is the most Western pass of the great wall of Ming Dynasty. Because of the dangerous terrain and the majestic and magnificent scenery, it is known as "the most powerful pass in the world". Jiayuguan was founded in 1372, with a total length of about 60 kilometers, forming a defense system of five li, one flint, ten li, one pier, thirty Li, one fort and one hundred Li, one city. Now it is a national AAAAA tourist attraction, with natural and cultural landscapes such as the hanging wall great wall, Jiayuguan City, the first pier of the Great Wall, Heishan stone carvings, Mulan City, etc. Location: 5 km west of Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province
2. Tongguan
Founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty (196), it faces the Yellow River in the north and the hillside in the south. It is the east gate of Guanzhong. The terrain here is high and steep, and the valley is deep. It controls the main points and restricts the East and West thoroughfares. It has the potential of "closing the door and strangling the Kyushu, and the birds can't cross it". Therefore, it is said that "Tongguan is solid, and the whole Qin is solid.". Later, in order to build the Sanmenxia reservoir, the whole Tongguan city was demolished. The picture shows the east gate of Tongguan City, which is now rebuilt, trying to reproduce the momentum of "tiger occupying the Xiongguan pass". Location: North of Tongguan County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province
3. Jianmen pass
During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang built a stone pass here, which was called Jiange pass or Jiange pass. After the Tang Dynasty, it was often called Jianmen pass. Li Bai wrote in Shu Dao Nan that "Jiange pass is towering and Cui Wei, one man is the pass, ten thousand men are not allowed to open", which made it famous at home and abroad. JIANMENGUAN has beautiful natural scenery. It has 72 peaks, Xiaojianshan, Cuiping peak, ShiShun peak and other scenic spots. It also integrates the culture of Shu Road and the culture of the Three Kingdoms. There are many cultural sites left. Location: 15km south of Jiange County, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province
4. Pingxingguan
Built in the Ming Dynasty in 1511, it is a gateway of the inner Great Wall. The perimeter of the city is more than 1 km, and the present remnant height is 6 meters. It is square in shape, with one gate in the north, South and East, and three characters "pingxingling" engraved on the forehead. It is also famous for the world-famous Pingxingguan battle. It became the site of the first great victory in China's Anti Japanese War and a Military Museum of historical significance for patriotism and revolutionary tradition education. Location: Pingxingguan village, Hengjian Township, Fanshi County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province
5. Shanhaiguan
As the saying goes, it's strange to gather immortals in the mountains and gods in the sea. The pass is located in danger. Shanhaiguan is the only place named after the combination of mountain, sea and pass. More than 2000 years ago, the first emperor of Qin set up a gate here; more than 600 years ago, a generation of famous general Xu Da built the great wall and built the pass here. Shanhaiguan, known as "the key to the two capitals", has become famous all over the world. Location: more than 10 kilometers east of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province
6. Yanmen pass
In the middle and late Warring States period, Zhao Wuling, the monarch of Zhao state, established Yanmen. Later, Li Mu was ordered to stay in Yanmen to guard against Xiongnu. Yanmen pass was named in the early Tang Dynasty. Yanmen pass is famous for its "danger" and has the saying that "Yanmen is the first among the nine fortresses in the world". Yanmen pass has two gates, the East and the west, which are built with huge bricks, passing through the wild geese and passing through the clouds. The north gate has no roof, and a stone plaque is inlaid on the front of the gate. The book says "Yanmen pass". Location: 20 kilometers north of Daixian County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province
7. Niangziguan
Originally known as weizeguan, Princess Pingyang of the Tang Dynasty once led soldiers to garrison here. Princess Pingyang's troops were called "women's army" at that time, so it got its present name. Niangziguan is known as the ninth pass of the Great Wall. It has two gates. The east gate is a general brick gate with the title of "Niangziguan in Zhili". There are also Chengtian village, Laojun cave, jealous ancestral temple, beacon tower, Dianjiang tower, washbasin, summer tower, etc. Location: at the foot of Mianshan mountain in the northeast of Pingding County, Yangquan City, Shanxi Province
8. Juyong Pass
It is a famous ancient Guancheng along the Great Wall in the north of Beijing. The situation is very dangerous. It is connected with Lulong in the East and Taihang Mountain in the West. It is the most dangerous city in the world. Juyong Pass has two passes, the south is called "Nankou" and the north is called "Juyong Pass". The existing Guancheng was built by Xu Dadu, a general sent by Zhu Yuanzhang. In Juyong Pass, there is an 18 kilometer long valley, commonly known as "Guangou"; here, with clear streams lingering and green peaks overlapping, it is known as "Juyong jucui" and listed as one of the "Eight Sights of Yanjing". Location: Changping District, Beijing
9. Hangu pass
Founded in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it is one of the earliest fortresses in the history of our country. It is adjacent to juejian in the East, Qinling in the south, and the Yellow River in the north. Lao Tzu, a famous ancient thinker in China, wrote Tao Te Ching in 5000 words. For thousands of years, many Taoists and Taoists at home and abroad have come here to worship their ancestors. Some scenic spots, such as the pavilion, Jiming terrace, the ancient road of hanguan, Daosheng palace, Taichu palace, and the Sutra collection building, etc. Location: Wangduo village, Hanguguan Town, Lingbao City, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province
10. Wushengguan
Wushengguan pass, one of the nine famous passes in history, is located in Jigong Mountain in Xinyang. It is known as the geomantic treasure land of "Qingfen Yuchu, qiqisongheng, Jingjie Sanjiang", and the midpoint of North and South China's geography. Therefore, Wushengguan is a place for military strategists to look at the Central Plains in the north and Jianghan in the south. At present, the highway between Zhengzhou and Wuhan passes through the city of Guancheng, and the railway tunnel below the city of Guancheng, through which the Beijing Guangzhou railway passes. Location: 35 km south of Jigongshan scenic spot, Shihe District, Xinyang City, Henan Province
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