The latest news of anthrax epidemic: another 7 cases of anthrax were found in Liaoning Province. Anthrax, an ancient disease, revived in Liaoning Province. According to the health department of Liaoning Province, 32 cases of anthrax have been reported in Liaoning Province. Seven suspected cases of anthrax in Liaoning Province turned into diagnosed cases
According to the results of laboratory tests, five suspected cases of anthrax in Haicheng City of Liaoning Province were confirmed as clinically diagnosed cases and two as laboratory diagnosed cases, the Liaoning Provincial Department of Health said on the 21st.
As of 20:00 on August 20, there were 35 cases of anthrax in Nanguan village, Niuzhuang Town, Haicheng City, Liaoning Province, including 24 suspected cases, 9 clinically diagnosed cases and 2 laboratory diagnosed cases. There were 26 cases in Haicheng City (8 cases of clinical diagnosis and 2 cases of laboratory diagnosis), 4 cases in Xiuyan County and 5 cases in Donggang City (1 case of clinical diagnosis). All the above cases were treated in local hospitals, and the condition was stable without death.
Haicheng and Xiuyan had no new cases for 9 consecutive days, and Donggang had no new cases for 3 consecutive days.
What is anthrax?
According to disease control experts, anthrax is an acute infectious disease of herbivores caused by Bacillus anthracis. It's an acute zoonotic disease. Infection occurs when people come into contact with sick animals and their products or eat the meat of sick animals. The main clinical manifestations are skin necrotic ulcer, eschar, extensive edema of surrounding tissues and toxemia, occasionally leading to acute infection of lung, intestine and meninges, accompanied by sepsis. Anthrax can be roughly divided into skin anthrax, lung anthrax, intestinal anthrax and anthrax meningitis. According to the pathogenicity of different types, lung anthrax is classified as class B infectious disease under class a management, and the rest are under class B management.
Three transmission routes of anthrax
Anthrax is a disease of herbivores, caused by anthrax bacillus, which exists in the soil. When herbivores eat grass, their mouths and noses are very close to the ground, and they often pull up the grass by its roots. In this way, it is easy to inhale the spores of bacteria in the soil into the respiratory tract, causing systemic infection. For herbivores, the disease is usually fatal. The soil and grassland polluted by anthrax bacillus can become a persistent focus. Relatively speaking, South America, Asia, Africa and other pastoral areas are more common, with strong regional characteristics.
Anthrax is not as dangerous to humans as it is to herbivores, but it can also cause serious diseases. He Jianfeng, director of the Institute of epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and prevention, said anthrax is mainly transmitted through three ways: skin contact, inhalation and consumption.
1. Cattle, horses, camels and other livestock are usually infected with anthrax after eating contaminated water and grass, and people will also be infected with anthrax because of contacting and eating the meat of these diseased animals;
2. Get sick by inhaling aerosol or dust containing Bacillus anthracis;
3. Contact with sick animals and their products can also cause diseases.
Cutaneous anthrax is the most common form of this bacterial infection, accounting for about 95%. Director he pointed out that after contact with anthrax, erythema, papules and blisters will appear on the skin, and then central necrosis, forming ulcerative black eschar. The mortality of cutaneous anthrax is much lower than that of inhalation anthrax. At present, the mortality of cutaneous anthrax has been reduced to about 1%. People who often come into contact with livestock, such as herdsmen, veterinarians and fur workers, are at greater risk of skin anthrax. Inhalation of dust and aerosol with a large amount of anthrax or ingestion of meat and water contaminated by anthrax can cause pulmonary anthrax or intestinal anthrax. Pulmonary anthrax is characterized by acute onset, shivering, high fever, cough, hemoptysis and sputum, often accompanied by septicemia; intestinal anthrax is characterized by acute gastroenteritis or acute abdomen.
How to prevent skin anthrax: boiling water for 30 minutes can kill anthrax bacteria
In fact, skin anthrax is more common in China. Most of the lesions occur on the exposed skin such as hands, face and neck. At the beginning, they are red papules, black blood bubbles, ulceration and formation of black hard scab, with systemic toxic symptoms such as fever and headache. Experts say that the so-called pulmonary anthrax can be caused by inhalation of anthrax bacillus, or by skin anthrax. The main symptoms are similar to cold, that is, fever, cough, sore throat, pleural effusion, dyspnea, or even death due to respiratory failure. The main symptoms of intestinal anthrax are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool and shock. '
Disease control experts stressed that the most direct and effective means of prevention in daily life is to cut off the route of transmission. In general, people will be infected with anthrax if they come into direct or indirect contact with the skin, hair and meat of diseased animals and infected animals. As long as they do not contact, slaughter, eat dead or unexplained cattle, sheep and other livestock, they will not be infected. In addition, boiling water for 30 minutes can also kill anthrax pathogen, as long as it does not eat raw animal products, the probability of anthrax infection is very small.
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