Diabetes patients in winter exercise matters needing attention. With the advent of winter, cold stimulation can increase the secretion of adrenaline and slow down the metabolism of blood sugar, thus increasing the blood sugar of diabetics and the complications of foot rupture caused by diabetes. In addition to medication, exercise is another very effective way to control blood sugar, but you must pay attention to the following precautions:
Element 1: exercise time should be late rather than early
Diabetes patients should take exercise in the afternoon instead of early in the morning. Because the blood sugar is the lowest in the morning, it is easy to have hypoglycemia after exercise, which is life-threatening. The purpose of exercise is to reduce blood sugar and prevent blood sugar from rising significantly, so the effect of exercise in the afternoon is better. For patients with type 1 diabetes, exercise should choose between 1~2 hours after injection of insulin and try to avoid the peak period of insulin action, so as to prevent insulin absorption and lead to hypoglycemia.
If it is postprandial exercise, it is best to carry out it about 1 hour after meals. During this period, food digestion and absorption is faster, especially sugar absorption is the fastest, so the blood glucose value increases. If you start exercising at this time, as exercise consumes energy and the catabolism of sugar increases, you can reduce the increased blood glucose after meals and prevent blood glucose fluctuations.
Element 2: emphasize moderate intensity exercise
Moderate intensity exercise has the most obvious effect on reducing blood sugar and urine sugar. It is best to exercise the muscles of the whole body. Aerobic endurance sports, such as walking, jogging, swimming, cycling and unarmed gymnastics, can be selected for sports. One or two of them can be selected for exercise according to the physical condition of patients. The exercise time is once a day, lasting 20 ~ 30 minutes each time, which can be gradually extended to 1 hour, in which the necessary interval can be interspersed. Exercise time and intensity jointly determine the amount of exercise, which can be coordinated. Each exercise should have preparatory activities and finishing activities. Exercise 3 ~ 4 times a week is the most appropriate.
Exercise should be gradual, and should not blindly increase the amount of exercise in order to reduce blood sugar. The result is often counterproductive. If you don't have exercise habits before, sudden vigorous exercise will make the body produce a stress response and secrete hormones, including hormones against insulin, which will make blood sugar higher and prone to complications of ketoacidosis.
Element 3: Patients with complications should be cautious
Diabetic patients are mostly middle-aged and elderly people. If they have osteoarthritis of the knee or ankle joint, it is suggested to reduce standing activities such as walking and running and jumping. For example, sit ups: start doing 5 times at a time, and then gradually increase to 20 ~ 50 times. Bed exercise: exercise the upper and lower limbs respectively, lift and put down, separate left and right, etc.
Foot care is very important for diabetic patients in winter. Sometimes even minor injuries may cause skin ulceration and gangrene. Therefore, we should often massage the lower limbs to promote blood circulation. When sitting, the foot should be raised to reduce foot pressure and promote local venous blood reflux. To wear soft bottom sports shoes, some diabetic patients love to use hot water to soak feet. Because diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy, fingers or toes pain and temperature disorders, can not feel the water temperature, it is best to use the wrist, elbow or family to feel the temperature first, in order to waterproof temperature too high. It can be used as infrared physiotherapy to promote blood circulation and reduce the occurrence of peripheral neuritis and foot lesions.
All kinds of acute and chronic complications of diabetes, such as acute infection, heart failure, severe diabetic nephropathy, diabetic foot infection and so on, are not suitable for exercise.
Element 4: do not exercise on an empty stomach
Some diabetes patients want to strengthen the weight loss effect, take an empty stomach exercise, this is very dangerous. Because diabetic patients must take hypoglycemic drugs on time, this drug can inhibit the decomposition of glycogen. When patients increase consumption due to exercise, they are prone to hypoglycemia. Some hunger tests showed that normal people did not eat too much for 36 hours, and blood sugar did not drop too low. When hypoglycemia occurs, there will be panic, rapid heartbeat, hand trembling, sweating and other symptoms. In serious cases, there will be coma, even become a vegetable, and even die. Therefore, diabetes patients must not exercise on an empty stomach. They should also prevent hypoglycemia when exercising, and carry sugar with them in time.