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What is the Dalian 716 incident? The cause of the 716 incident and the inside information

"Fire Hero" is a film adapted from the official event of the July 16 fire in Dalian. It tells the story of a fire in a coastal oil tank farm, and the fire brigade work together to put out the fire in order to protect the property safety of the country and the people. So, what is the Dalian 716 incident? What was the situation then?

At about 18:00 p.m. on July 16, 2010, a PetroChina oil pipeline near Dalian Xingang caught fire and exploded. After more than 2000 firefighters fought all night, the fire had been basically put out by the morning of the 17th. The accident did not cause casualties, but at least 50 square kilometers of the sea near Dalian was polluted by crude oil. In response to the accident, the Liaoning provincial government set up an investigation team on the morning of the 18th to investigate the personnel on duty and operators at the scene of the accident, and at the same time contacted the foreign oil tanker which was unloading oil at the time of the accident.

According to people familiar with the matter, the national development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has organized a review committee for the design of oil storage tanks. Experts come from several domestic scientific research institutes. The review committee clearly proposed that all oil reserves should be designed with accident pools. The main reason is: "in the Dalian oil pipeline explosion case, due to the lack of accident pool design, the oil eventually flowed to the sea. Therefore, in the future design of oil reserves, all tank farms should be designed with an accident pool that can hold 50000 cubic meters of crude oil.

Missing accident pool

At about 18:10 on July 16 this year, the crude oil pipeline in the storage tank area of the first phase of Dalian bonded oil depot in Dagushan peninsula of Dalian caught fire. Before the accident, a 300000 ton crude oil tanker 'cosmos gem' of Liberia was unloading oil at the new port of Dalian when the onshore pipeline of crude oil storage tank caught fire while adding catalyst.

The more serious consequence is that the burning pipeline ignited 100000 cubic meters of crude oil tanks nearby, resulting in a large amount of crude oil directly flowing into the sea.

At the first time of the explosion, PetroChina and Sinopec, two major Chinese oil companies, sent technical teams to the scene. According to a person who had been to the scene of the Dalian oil pipeline explosion, "at that time, the entire oil reserve reservoir area was facing a danger. If the crude oil was not handled in time, the whole reservoir area would be ignited, and the impact would be even greater. '

According to the source, "according to the design requirements, the accident pool should be designed for such a large reservoir area, but there is no such pool in Dalian reservoir area. "Accident pool" is a large-scale oil storage tank designed to prevent emergencies, which can temporarily store the leaked crude oil and chemicals.

In order to avoid the explosion of the whole reservoir area and cause more pollution, we have to do it as a last resort. Finally, we can only discharge the leaked crude oil to the sea through the flood control port. "The source said. The reporter has asked PetroChina for confirmation of the above-mentioned situation, but has not yet received a reply.

Although the final cause of the accident was attributed to the fact that the 'cosmogem' tanker had suspended the unloading operation, huishengda and Xiangcheng continued to inject crude oil desulfurizer containing strong oxidant into the oil pipeline, causing chemical explosion in the pipeline. However, the impact of the explosion itself is greater than the ecological pollution of the sea surface. According to estimates, the oil spill area of the sea area caused by the accident reached 50-60 square kilometers. Local tourism and fishing are affected.

Why is it missing

The reporter learned that after the explosion, the development and Reform Commission in charge of oil reserves inspected the design of the oil storage tank for the explosion. A review committee for the design of oil reserves was organized. The experts of the committee came from many domestic research institutes. The review committee clearly proposed that all oil reserves should be designed with accident pools according to the safety design management specification for petroleum and petrochemical enterprises. However, if there is no accident pool or the design does not meet the requirements, it is required to redesign.

In fact, we have to disclose to the designer of the oil storage tank that there is something to be written in the design of the reservoir area. '

On the afternoon of November 13, 2005, PetroChina (6.990,0.00, The explosion occurred in the diphenyl plant of Jilin Petrochemical Company of China National Natural Gas Corporation. As there was no place for storing pollutants, the pollutants produced by the explosion were discharged to the Songhua River, resulting in comprehensive pollution of the Songhua River Basin, which directly affected the drinking water supply of large cities on both sides of the basin, and even affected the drinking water supply of some cities in Russia downstream.

According to the data, the construction time of Dalian Xingang oil reserve in the explosion accident of Dalian oil pipeline was in 2009. According to the calculation of time, the design of the storage tank should have something to do with it.

After the explosion in Jilin and chemical industry, we began to add the design of accident pool into the design of major oil reserves, but it was also more difficult to implement. 'a person familiar with the matter told reporters.

One of the most direct problems facing the oil companies is that the area of the accident pool is large, which is restricted by the land acquisition area of the reserve. 'the people said.

This person calculated an account for the reporter. Most of the current oil storage tanks are 100000 cubic meters, and there are 20 to 30 such tanks in a reservoir area.

If there is only one accident pool in a tank farm, the volume of the accident pool shall be at least 50000 cubic meters. Such an accident pool and the original fire pool can barely hold the oil in a storage tank. The 50000 cubic meter accident pool is a 'huge object 125 meters long, 100 meters wide and 4 meters deep'. The international standard football field is 105 meters long and 68 meters wide.

The construction cost of this huge object is very huge, and the maintenance cost is also very huge. "More importantly, the land acquisition of the oil reserve is very limited. Because the area of the accident pool is too large, it is often omitted by the construction party. "In the past, we generally believed that such a huge accident pool might only be used once in 100 years. '

The top priority of oil reserves

It is said that as early as 2003, the state started the construction of oil reserve system. Up to now, China has 16.4 million cubic meters of surface storage (21 days). According to the recommendation of the International Energy Organization (IEA), oil importing countries should keep 90 days of net oil import reserves. At present, the United States has 139 days, including 61 days of government reserves; 150 days of Japan, including 82 days of government reserves; 116 days of Germany, including 85 days of government reserves; 102 days of French reserves, including 61 days of government reserves; and Korea China's highest, 168 days, including 87 days of government reserves.

China has planned a number of oil reserve areas, and the future oil reserve base construction will still be large-scale construction.

Most of China's oil reserve bases are built on the ground and are easily affected by natural disasters such as earthquakes and climate. Yue laiqun, Ph.D., of the oil and gas strategic research center of the Ministry of land and resources, told our reporter, "in this regard, the construction of oil reserve bases in the United States is relatively perfect. '

It is understood that most of the U.S. oil reserves are underground rock reservoirs, while China has only built some underground rock reservoirs in Jiangsu Province. The underground rock reservoir has the characteristics of low construction cost and good airtightness.

The construction cost of oil storage in underground rock stratum is low, it is not affected by the outside world, it is very safe, and there will be no large area pollution. Yue laiqun said, "to build underground rock reservoirs like the United States, we need to make institutional changes. Ultimately, it depends on the determination of the national development and Reform Commission. '

Event playback

At about 18:00 p.m. on July 16, 2010, a PetroChina oil pipeline near Dalian Xingang caught fire and exploded. After more than 2000 firefighters fought all night, the fire had been basically put out by the morning of the 17th. The accident did not cause casualties, but at least 50 square kilometers of the sea near Dalian was polluted by crude oil. Cause of accident: explosion caused by improper operation of cargo ship during unloading.