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What's the story of Qiao's courtyard? The rise and decline of Qiao's courtyard

What is the story of Qiao's courtyard?

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, after Qiao Meimei and his two brothers separated, they bought several homesteads in the northeast corner of the crossroad and built buildings. The main building is a hard top brick and tile house with brick and wood structure. There are windows without doors. Stairs are built inside to go upstairs. It is characterized by thick walls, small windows, solid and firm, and three courtyards, five inside and three outside. To the east of the main building is the original house, which has also been renovated as a partial house. It also transformed the second entrance of the partial courtyard into a Book School, which was the earliest courtyard of the Qiao family's courtyard, that is, the old courtyard.

It is said that there used to be a five way temple outside the pianyuan. There are two locust trees in front of the temple. They grow strangely. People call them "sacred trees". Between the main courtyard and the side courtyard, there is a large-scale brick carving Land Temple, carved with stone mountains and deer with Ganoderma lucidum in their mouth. There are four brick lions and a handle of Ruyi in the temple of land, which is a metaphor of "four seasons of Ruyi". On the wall of the temple, there are also plane trees and pine trees. Six pairs of deer and two pairs of them are together, which means "Six Harmonies are smooth".

After Qiao Zhiyong became the head of the family, he continued to build a large building for the great court. He bought a large area of homestead in the alley on the west side of the old courtyard, and built a building courtyard, which is also three from the inside, five from the outside, forming a two-story confrontation. The main building is an open pillar structure suspended on the top of the mountain. After the completion of the Ming Dynasty building, Qiao Zhiyong built two quadrangle courtyards with five horizontal, five vertical and five vertical at the place across the street from the two floors, making the four courtyards just located at the four corners of the intersection of the streets and lanes, which laid a pattern of integration later. In the middle and late Guangxu period, the local public security was unstable. In order to protect their own safety, Jing Yi and Jing Yan of Qiao family spent a lot of trouble and money to buy the right to occupy the streets and lanes at that time.

After the Qiao family obtained the right of occupation, it blocked the entrance of the alley, and built the side courtyard of the northwest courtyard and the southwest courtyard; blocked the entrance of the street in the East, and built the gate; built the ancestral hall in the West; expanded the two floors of the courtyard in the North into two cross courtyard, and built two new Wuhang gates. There are fences across the courtyards, and the arch gate top is used as a bridge to connect the north and South courtyards, forming a castle like architectural complex. In the early years of the Republic of China, the population of Qiao family increased and the housing was insufficient. Therefore, they bought land and expanded to the West. Ten years after the Republic of China, Qiao Yingxia and Qiao Yingkui built a new courtyard close to the southwest courtyard, which was similar to the southeast courtyard. But the windows are all carved with large lattice glass and decorated in western style. The lighting effect is very good, and the style has changed. Even in the courtyard, the facing door and the wall are carved very carefully.

At the same time, the northwest courtyard was also designed and reconstructed by Qiao Yingxia, which blocked the open corridor of the outer courtyard connected with the old courtyard and transformed the original kitchen into a living room. Besides the living room, a bathroom was built and a "foreign toilet" was built. There was a small courtyard near the northwest courtyard. It was Qiao's private school, so it was called the study yard. After the separation, Qiao Jian planned to build a garden and bought back a whole set of rockeries from a large family in Taigu County. Just before construction, the "July 7th incident" broke out, the Japanese invaded China, and the project stopped. During the Japanese occupation period, the whole family fled, leaving only one empty yard for some family members to take care of.

In 1985, the people's Government of Qixian County established the Qixian folk custom museum by using this ancient house. It was officially opened to the public on November 1, 1986. More than 5000 precious cultural relics have been exhibited, which reflect the customs of the people mainly in Jinzhong Area of Shanxi Province. The contents of the exhibition include: agricultural customs, life etiquette, season of the year, clothing, food, housing and transportation, commercial customs, folk crafts, as well as the display of Qiaojia historical materials, Qiaojia treasures, film and television topics.

On December 8, 2011, it began to apply for 5A level scenic spot. It has successively completed the construction of Qiaojia courtyard gate scenic area, the adjustment and arrangement of exhibition rooms of folk custom museum, the "three halls and one garden" security project, and built the digital information system, online tour guide system, and intelligent traffic management system of tourism channel, etc. of Qiaojia courtyard. On November 28, 2014, Qiaojia courtyard was selected as a national 5A scenic spot.

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Does Shanxi Jincheng Qiao family courtyard need tickets?

Ticket price of Qiaojia courtyard in Qixian County:

1. Qiaojia courtyard adult ticket (order 2 hours in advance) market price: 138 yuan; Advance price: 135 yuan

2. Tickets for the elderly, students and children in Qiaojia courtyard (order 2 hours in advance) market price: 138 yuan; reservation price: 75 yuan

1. Ticket collection method: ticket office of the scenic spot (it will take effect 2 hours after the world list, and on-site booking is not supported)

2. Ticket retrieval Voucher: after the order is submitted successfully, the order SMS will be obtained for free as the ticket retrieval voucher

3. Ticket Description:

① The reservation ticket includes the grand ticket of Qiaojia courtyard Scenic Area

② Free ticket policy: free ticket for children under 1.2m (excluding 1.2m); free ticket for the elderly over 70 (including 70);

③ Preferential policies: half price of tickets for minors aged 6 (excluding) - 18 (including); half price of tickets for seniors aged 60 (including) - 70 (excluding); half price of tickets for students with student ID (the above policies are only for reference, and the details shall be subject to the disclosure on the day of the scenic spot)

4. Return and modification rule: the order after this product is reserved does not support refund and modification date.

5. Opening hours of Qiao's courtyard: 08:30-18:30 (April October); 08:30-17:00 (November March)

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Ranking of Shanxi tourist attractions

Wutai Mountain in Xinzhou is located in Wutai County in the northeast of Shanxi Province. It is named Wutai because its five peaks are like five giant pillars, rising from the earth and flat as a platform. And because of the cold climate on the mountain, I still don't know the heat in midsummer, so it's also called Qingliang mountain.

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Datong Yungang Grottoes, Datong Yungang Grottoes and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Luoyang Longmen Grottoes and Tianshui Maijishan grottoes are called the four major Grottoes art treasures in China.

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Jincheng Yangcheng County Huangcheng Xiangfu ecological and cultural tourism area, known as Zezhou in ancient times, is one of the earliest birthplaces of Chinese civilization. The beautiful natural scenery and the long history and culture heritage create the unique scenery of Taihang in Jincheng.

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Qiaojiayuan Cultural Park, located in qiaojiabao village, Qi County, Shanxi Province, is 54 kilometers away from Taiyuan, also known as "in the middle hall". It is the residence of Qiao Zhiyong, a famous commercial and financial capitalist in the Qing Dynasty. Zheng Xiaoxie, a famous architectural expert, said: 'there are forbidden city in Beijing, terra cotta warriors in Xi'an and thousands of houses in Qi county.

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Mianshan mountain, Jiexiu City, Jinzhong City, is located in the Yin of Fenhe River, 20 kilometers away from Jiexiu City. It spans Jiexiu, Lingshi and Qinyuan, with the highest altitude of 2566.6 meters and relative height of more than 1000 meters. It is a branch of Taiyue Mountain (Huoshan) extending northward.

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Pingyao ancient city, Pingyao County, Jinzhong City, is located in the middle of Shanxi Province, about 85 kilometers away from Taiyuan city. As the second batch of national historical and cultural cities, Sichuan Langzhong, Yunnan Lijiang and Anhui Shexian are also known as the "four most well preserved ancient cities in China". They are also the only ancient county city in China that has successfully applied for world cultural heritage with the whole ancient city.

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What special products can I take when I travel to Shanxi?

1、 Old vinegar

Aged vinegar is a traditional famous local flavor of the Han nationality in Shanxi Province. In ancient times, the first acid condiment used was "plum". Because plum does not exist all the year round, plum sauce was produced, which was called "acyl" in ancient times. There are many kinds of vinegar, and old vinegar is its representative famous product.

The acidity of Shanxi old vinegar that meets the standard should reach 6 degrees. Because it is brewed from pure grain and does not add any preservatives, the shelf life is cancelled. The old vinegar can be kept in normal temperature and cool environment for a long time depending on its own quality. Shanxi old vinegar has the characteristics of sour, fragrant, sweet, soft and fresh.

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Two, Fen Liquor

Chinese traditional famous liquor, which is a typical representative of Qingxiang liquor, is produced in Xinghua village, Fenyang City, Shanxi Province, also known as "Xinghua village liquor". Fenjiu is famous for its exquisite craftsmanship and long history. It is known for its soft taste, sweet taste, aftertaste and long aftertaste. It enjoys a high reputation, reputation and loyalty among consumers at home and abroad.

In history, Fenjiu has gone through three brilliant times. Fenjiu has a long history of about 4000 years. In the northern and Southern Dynasties 1500 years ago, as the Royal liquor, Fenjiu was highly praised by the Emperor Wu of the Northern Qi Dynasty, and was recorded in the twenty-four history, making Fenjiu famous. Known as the earliest national wine and national treasure, it is the crystallization and achievement of the wisdom of ancient Chinese working people.

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Three, Taiwan inkstone

Because of Duanmu mountain in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, which originally belongs to Wutai, it is called "Taiwan inkstone", also known as Duan inkstone, a traditional handicraft. It is one of the three famous inkstones in China, known as the inkstone of Shezhou in Anhui Province and Duan inkstone of Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province.

Nowadays, there are more than 90 kinds of inkstone. Each variety, from material selection, blank making to finished products, from pattern, color to specification, must conform to the ancient inkstone imitation. There are round, oval, semicircle, square, rectangle and even strange shapes in ancient inkstones.

The workers of Dingxiang County stone carving craft factory and Wutai County grain stone factory have made the natural color of the inkstone fully displayed with relief, half embryo and three-dimensional carving skills. In addition, the fine archaize carving has made the inkstone become a valuable art with beautiful shape and rich national characteristics, which has long enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad.

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4、 Qingxu grape

The special product of Qingxu County, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, is a geographical indication of agricultural products in China. Qingxu County belongs to the temperate continental climate area, with mild climate and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature is 10.2-10.6 ℃, and the annual average precipitation is about 500mm, which is suitable for planting grapes.

Qingxu grape has longan, black chicken heart, bottle, milk, donkey milk, Xiying grape, white agate, black agate, purple rose, white chicken heart and other varieties. The introduced varieties include pink toffee, carass rose, Paul gall, Queen of vineyard, rose fragrance, seedless black, Jufeng, zero Dan and so on. Gentle grape, thin skin, large grain, beautiful color. Thick meat, high sugar content and sweet taste. The pulp is soft and juicy.

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5、 Pingyao push light lacquer ware

Push light lacquerware is a kind of high-grade lacquerware with technological properties. It is one of the traditional handcrafts in Pingyao, Shanxi Province. It is named after putting out luster by hand. Pingyao push light lacquer ware, a famous handicraft in Shanxi Province, has a simple and elegant appearance, shining, resplendent painting decoration, delicate and smooth feel, environmental protection, non-toxic, insect resistant, heat-resistant, moisture-proof, durable, and is the best of the lacquer ware.

On May 20, 2006, the art was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

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6、 Datong art porcelain

Produced in Datong Meiyukou Coal Mine ceramic factory, the product has unique shape, novel design and various varieties, especially children's toys with national and local characteristics, which are unique and more attractive. Datong has a long history of producing ceramics, with a history of more than 1400 years. The most prosperous period of Datong ceramic industry is Tang Dynasty.

The production of Datong art ceramics is concentrated in Datong City, Huairen county and other places. There are more than 130 kinds of porcelain products produced by Meiyukou ceramic factory, with hundreds of varieties of designs and colors. Many works of art produced here are more romantic and exaggerated with the contents of myths and legends.

Such art and ceramic products as big belly Maitreya Buddha, old birthday star, Tiannvsanhua, Chang'e running to the moon, pig Bajie eating watermelon, white rabbit, tiger, panda, lion, swan, goldfish, puppy, etc., have