It is one of the 24 solar terms, the second solar term in summer. Xiaoman -- it means that grain filling of summer crops is full, but it is not yet mature, just Xiaoman, not yet Daman. From May 20 to 22 every year, when the sun reaches 60 & deg; of the Yellow longitude, it is a little full.
From May 21 to June 6, 2019
The origin of Xiaoman
"Yueling 72 Hou Ji Jie": "in April, when things are small and full, they are small and full. '
There are two interpretations of Xiaoman. One is to describe the fullness of crops, the other is to describe the situation of surplus and shortage of rain.
At this time, the grain of wheat and other summer crops in northern China has begun to plump, but it has not yet matured, which is about the late milk stage, so it is called Xiaoman.
The agricultural proverbs in southern China give Xiaoman a new meaning: "Xiaoman is discontented, but he can't cut off the ridge of the field"; Xiaoman is discontented, but he doesn't care. ".
The term "man" is used to describe the surplus and shortage of rain. It is pointed out that if there is not enough water in the field during the period of "Xiao man", the ridge of the field may be cracked, and even rice can not be planted during the period of "mang".
On the day of Xiaoman, it usually rains a lot in the south. If the cold air from the north can penetrate into the south of China at this time, and the warm and humid air flow in the south is also strong, then it is easy to cause heavy rain or torrential rain in South China. Therefore, the later stage of Xiaoman solar term is often the tense stage of flood control in these areas.
For the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rainfall at this stage, it may be that the subtropical high over the Pacific Ocean is weaker and located to the south, which means that there may be less rainfall in the Huangmei season. If you are dissatisfied, you will have a dry year.
Climate characteristics of Xiaoman
Southern Region: "Xiaoman damanjiangheman" reflects the climatic characteristics of heavy rainfall in this region
Generally speaking, if the cold air from the north can penetrate into the south of China at this time, and the warm and humid air flow in the south is also strong, it is easy to cause heavy rain or torrential rain in South China. Therefore, the later stage of Xiaoman solar term is often the tense stage of flood control in these areas.
In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: 'Xiaoman doesn't come down, Huangmei is less',' Xiaoman doesn't have rain, mangrove seeds don't have water '
For the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rainfall at this stage, it may be that the subtropical high over the Pacific Ocean is weaker and located to the south, which means that there may be less rainfall in the Huangmei season. Therefore, there is a folk saying that 'Xiaoman doesn't come down, Huangmei is less';' Xiaoman has no rain, mang has no water '.
The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River: "if Xiaoman is dissatisfied, wheat is in danger"
Xiaoman solar term, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and other areas also spread such a saying: Xiaoman dissatisfaction, wheat has a risk. This risk means that wheat is just entering the stage of milk ripening at this time, and it is very vulnerable to the damage of dry hot wind, resulting in insufficient grain filling, withered seeds and reduced yield. There are many ways to prevent dry hot wind, such as building shelterbelt, spraying chemicals and so on are very effective measures.
Jiangnan region: "Xiaoman is too busy to know him when he drives three cars."
The three cars here refer to waterwheel, tanker and silk car. At this time, the crops in the farmland need plenty of water, so the farmers are busy turning over the water; the harvested rapeseed is waiting for the farmers to Chong and make the fragrant rapeseed oil; the farm work in the field can't be delayed. But the silkworm babies at home should also be taken care of carefully. Before and after Xiaoman, the silkworm will begin to cocoon. The silkworm farmers are busy shaking the silk cart to reeling (SAO). It is recorded in qingjialu that "when Xiaoman first came, the silkworm wife cooked cocoons, reeled silk and operated day and night.". It can be seen that in ancient times, new silk was about to go on the market when the solar term was over, and the silk market was about to turn prosperous. All the silkworm farmers and silk merchants were full of expectations, waiting for the harvest day to come soon.