May 4th Youth Day is just a few days away. Do you know the origin of this festival? As a new youth in the era, what do you think is your sense of responsibility and mission?
The May 4th Youth Day originated from the May 4th Movement against imperialism and patriotism in 1919. The May 4th Patriotic Movement was a complete patriotic movement against imperialism and feudalism, and also the beginning of China's new democratic revolution.
In 1939, the northwest youth salvation Federation of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region set may 4 as China Youth Day. During the youth day, a variety of commemorative activities will be held in all parts of China. Young people will also concentrate on various social volunteer and social practice activities. In many places, adult ceremonies will be held during the youth day.
The origin and background of May 4th Youth Day
On November 11, 1918, the first World War, which lasted for four years, ended with the victory of Britain, the United States and France and the defeat of Germany and Austria. In January 1919, the victorious allies held a peace conference at the palace of Versailles in Paris. The Republic of China participated in the conference as a victor. At the meeting, the representatives of the Republic of China proposed to abolish the privileges of foreign countries in China and cancel the 21 articles, which were all rejected. The meeting decided that Japan should take over all kinds of German privileges in China.
Chinese delegation to Paris Peace Conference
The representative of the Republic of China is actually ready to sign and acknowledge this Treaty of humiliation. When the news came, the whole country was furious and the people were furious. The May 4th patriotic movement led by students began like a volcanic eruption.
The outbreak of the May 4th Movement
On May 1, 1919, some students of Peking University learned that he would refuse the request of China. On the same day, the student representatives held an emergency meeting in the Xizhai dining room of Peking University, and decided to hold a temporary meeting of all students in the auditorium of Peking University Law Science University on May 3.
On the evening of May 3, a student conference of Peking University was held, with representatives from normal universities, law and politics schools, and higher industry schools also attending. The student representatives spoke in high spirits, calling on everyone to work hard to save the country. Finally, four measures were worked out, including the plan to gather in Tiananmen Square to demonstrate the next day. The four ways are as follows:
（1） Unite all walks of life to strive for it;
（2） The Paris envoy insisted on not signing the peace treaty;
（3） On May 7, Tongdian provinces held demonstrations to commemorate the national humiliation;
（4） It is scheduled to gather in Tiananmen Square on May 4 (Sunday) for a major academic demonstration.
May 4th Youth Day demonstration by Patriots
On May 4, more than 3000 student representatives from three universities in Beijing broke through the obstruction of the military and police forces and gathered in Tiananmen Square. They issued slogans such as' return Qingdao to China ',' reclaim the rights of Shandong ',' refuse to sign at the Paris Peace Conference ',' abolish the twenty-one articles', 'boycott Japanese goods',' prefer to break up the jade rather than destroy it ','fight for state power outside, punish the national thieves inside', and demanded that Cao Rulin, the communications chief, and the currency bureau be punished When Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang, the minister in Japan, were dismissed, the student procession moved to Cao's house, beat Zhang Zongxiang hard, and set fire to Cao's house, which led to the burning of Zhao's house. Subsequently, the military and police suppressed and arrested 32 student representatives.
The student parade in zhaojialou, which was burned down by students, was widely concerned. People from all walks of life paid attention to and supported it. They protested against the arrest of students. Warlords issued a notice forbidding protest, and president Xu Shichang ordered it to be suppressed. However, student groups and social groups have supported it.
On the 11th, the student union was established in Shanghai.
On the 14th, Tianjin student union was established. Students and workers from Guangzhou, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan and Jinan also gave support.
On May 19, students from all schools in Beijing announced a strike at the same time, and issued a strike declaration to provincial assemblies, education associations, trade unions, chambers of Commerce, farmers' associations, schools and newspapers. Students from Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Chongqing, Nanchang, Wuhan, Changsha, Xiamen, Jinan, Kaifeng, Taiyuan and other places have successively declared class strikes to support the struggle of students in Beijing.
Strike action on May 4th Youth Day
On June 3, thousands of students swarmed into the streets of Beijing to launch a large-scale propaganda campaign, and more than 170 people were arrested by the military and police.
On June 4, more than 800 students were arrested, which triggered a new round of large-scale protests.
On June 5, Shanghai workers began a large-scale strike and demonstration in response to students. About 60000 to 70000 people took part in the strike.
On June 6, Shanghai Federation of all walks of life was established. Through the three strike movement in Shanghai, more than 150 cities in 22 provinces across the country have reflected it to varying degrees.
May 4th Youth Day demonstration by Patriots
On June 11, Chen Duxiu and others went to the downtown area outside Qianmen of Beijing to distribute the Beijing citizens declaration. Cao, Lu and Zhang were removed one after another, and president Xu Shichang resigned.
After June 12, workers returned to work one after another, and students stopped going on strike.
On June 28, Chinese representatives did not sign the peace treaty.
The determination of May 4th Youth Day
In order to make the youth inherit and carry forward the glorious tradition of the May 4th movement, in 1939, the northwest youth salvation Federation of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region set may 4th as the youth day.
On December 23, 1949, the Chinese people's Government Council officially stipulated that may 4 is China Youth Day.
The May 4th Movement was a thorough and uncompromising patriotic movement against imperialism and feudalism. It promoted the combination of Marxism and the Chinese workers' movement, created a group of intellectuals with preliminary Communist thought, and made ideological and cadre preparations for the establishment of the Communist Party of China. The May 4th Movement opened the prelude of China's new democracy. This Patriotic Movement promoted the process of Chinese history and promoted the wide spread of Marxism in China.
The core contents of the spirit of the May Fourth Movement are as follows:
Patriotism, progress, democracy and Science
For the sake of national independence and liberation,
For the prosperity and prosperity of the country,
One after another, fighting bravely,
Aggressive and hard working.
In 1919,
Young friends shoulder heavy burdens,
To die for our country.
Now,
Let's take the trust of the times again,
Strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Youth, moving forward & hellip; & hellip;