Labor Day is less than half a month away. I believe many friends must be planning how to play. In addition to the happy holiday, his origin and customs also need to be understood. Let's learn the customs of May Day with Xiaobian.
What are the customs of May Day
The Chinese people's celebration of Labor Day dates back to 1918. That year, some revolutionary intellectuals distributed leaflets to the masses in Shanghai, Suzhou and other places to introduce may day. On May 1, 1920, workers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities took to the streets and held a huge procession and rally. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, may day was designated as the legal labor day in December 1949.
After the founding of new China, the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's government designated May 1 as the legal labor day in December 1949, a national holiday. On this day of every year, the whole country celebrates. People put on their festive costumes and gather in parks, theaters and squares to participate in various celebration gatherings or recreational activities, and commend the workers who have made outstanding contributions. Since 1989, the State Council has basically commended national model workers and advanced workers every five years, with about 3000 people each time.
On September 18, 1999, the State Council of China issued the "decision of the State Council on Revising the" national holidays for new year's festivals and anniversaries "for the first time, which revised the" national holidays for new year's festivals and anniversaries "issued by the State Council on December 23, 1949. The annual Spring Festival, may day and National Day holidays were added with compensatory leave to form three" golden weeks ".
On December 14, 2007, China's State Council revised the "national new year's day and anniversary holiday measures" for the second time, adjusting the starting time of Spring Festival from the first day of the first month of the lunar new year to new year's Eve; may day from 7 days to 3 days, reducing 4 days; Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid Autumn Festival are added as legal holidays, with 3 days each. May Day golden week will also become history. Since 2008, May Day golden week has become a 3-day holiday.
Knowledge of labor day in different countries
America: the birthplace of Labor Day
Labor Day originated in the United States. In the 1880s, in order to accumulate capital, the American bourgeoisie cruelly exploited and squeezed the working class. They forced the workers to work 12 to 16 hours or more every day by various means. The majority of workers in the United States have gradually realized that in order to protect their rights, they must rise up and fight.
Since 1884, the advanced workers' organizations in the United States have adopted resolutions to fight for the realization of "eight hours a day", and put forward slogans such as "eight hours of work; eight hours of rest; eight hours of entertainment! Workers create all wealth!".
On May 1, 1886, the workers in Chicago held a general strike. On that day, with Chicago as the center, about 350000 workers across the United States took part in the strike and March, demanding to improve working conditions and implement the eight hour working system. The struggle rocked the United States. The powerful force of the working class united to fight forced the capitalists to make concessions, and the American workers won the general strike.
In July 1889, the second International Congress led by Engels held in Paris. In order to commemorate the May 1 strike of American workers, the meeting adopted a resolution to designate May 1 as international labor day. Since then, workers' groups all over the world have held grand celebrations on this day, and many countries have a holiday.
However, what is special is that when the U.S. government later set up labor day, it set the first Monday of September as labor day. Therefore, the labor day of Americans is not in May, but in September.
Every September's labor day, Americans can have a day off. People across the United States usually hold parades, rallies and other celebrations to show their respect for workers. In some states, people hold picnics after parades, eating, drinking, singing and dancing. At night, there are fireworks in some places.
Russia: there are many parades, gatherings and entertainment
Since the establishment of the international labor day, Russia has been paying more attention to this special festival. On May Day, Russia has a national holiday, and various celebrations and mass processions are held.
In the past, the above activities were mainly organized by the government, and the procession included representatives of various enterprises and organs. Now, in addition to the celebrations co-ordinated by the government, all kinds of non-governmental organizations and labor organizations with different political views will hold various celebrations on this day. We can not only take this opportunity to fully expound their political views, but also expand the influence of the organization.
Generally speaking, the procession of May day must first pass through the main streets and squares of the city, and then hold large-scale gatherings and celebrations in the old or broad central square. At the same time, various clubs around Russia will hold colorful entertainment activities with rich contents, and people's festival mood is very high. Knowledge of labor day in different countries
Japan: golden week on Labor Day
Japan is a country with many festivals. There are many festivals before and after May 1, such as tree planting day on April 29, constitution anniversary on May 3, national holiday on May 4 and children's day on May 5. Generally speaking, Japanese have at least one week's rest, and the longest is even 11 days.
For the working class, the significance of this long holiday is really unusual. Therefore, in Japan, the special celebration of Labor Day is gradually replaced by the golden week of May Day. And since April 29, Japan has entered the golden week.
Many hotels, hot springs and other entertainment facilities across the country have put out various advertisements to attract tourists before May Day, and the room prices of ordinary hotels have more than doubled.
On April 29 this year, Narita Airport ushered in the first peak of the holiday. More than 40000 tourists went abroad on that day. It is estimated that the airport will transport 810000 passengers during the golden week. Many tourists choose to visit Hawaii, Saipan, China and Southeast Asia.
Canada: Labor Day in September marks the end of summer
As a North American country, Canada, like the United States, also celebrates labor day on the first Monday of September every year. In Ottawa, Toronto and other cities, parades and gatherings are held every year on labor day to recognize the contribution of workers under the trade union organization to Canadian society.
What's more, in most Canadian concepts, labor day in September marks the end of summer. In general, parents will use the Labor Day holiday to buy school supplies for their children in the new semester, and businesses often take the opportunity to promote stationery.
Thailand, Peru: one day off
Thailand first promulgated the labor regulations in 1932, and then designated May 1 as the national labor day to reward hard-working workers. On this day, Thailand has a national holiday. There will be celebrations in the capital and some big cities, but the scale is generally not too large.
Similar to the situation in Thailand, Peru, a South American country, also sets may 1 as the national labor day and has a national holiday.
Italy: no celebrations, no holidays
Britain, France and other European countries have designated may day as labor day. Many countries have a day off, while others have a public holiday on the first Monday of May.
However, unlike most countries in the world, although Italy recognizes may day and the government shows respect for labor, ordinary people do not hold special celebrations and there is no national May Day holiday.