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What are the routes of transmission of hepatitis B? We should be alert to these routes of transmissi

Hepatitis B is a common infectious disease in our life, because there are many ways of transmission of hepatitis B, so in daily life, we must pay attention to it, so what are the ways of transmission of hepatitis B?

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 1: mother to child transmission

Mother to child transmission is the most important way of transmission. Mother is the main body of family. About 30% - 50% of hepatitis B patients in China are caused by mother to child transmission. More than 90% of adult liver cirrhosis and liver cancer are infected with hepatitis B virus in infants.

Mother to child transmission includes two aspects, one is vertical transmission, the other is horizontal transmission.

People always think that mother to child transmission is vertical transmission, but it is not. Only 10% of them are caused by intrauterine transmission, and only 10% of them are infected in the uterus and fetus during pregnancy, which is not very high. It is mainly transmitted in perinatal and postnatal close living contact levels. As a big three positive mother, the possibility of children being infected after birth reaches 90% - 95%. The probability of children born to hepatitis B mothers with negative e antigen is half lower than that born to hepatitis B mothers with positive e antigen, about 45% - 40%.

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 2: father to child transmission

Many families, because the mother or father infected with hepatitis B virus and make their children become hepatitis B virus carriers. The father suffering from hepatitis B will also transmit the virus to the child. The father to child transmission of hepatitis B is mainly after the child is born. Due to the lack of immunity to hepatitis B virus, the child will be infected with hepatitis B virus through close contact in life. This kind of infection is called horizontal transmission.

Parents and infants in close contact with hepatitis B virus infection in life generally need two necessary conditions: 1, the child's body immune system is not perfect, or the child inherited their defect of hepatitis B virus immunity, making contact with hepatitis B virus infection in life. 2. The child's skin mucous membrane's damage brings the opportunity to the hepatitis B virus's infection.

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 3: iatrogenic infection

In the process of examination and treatment in the hospital, infection is caused by repeated use of HBV contaminated medical devices without strict disinfection, which is called iatrogenic transmission, including surgical, dental instruments, blood sampling needles, acupuncture needles, endoscopy and other equipment.

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 4: blood transfusion transmission. The transfusion of HBV infected blood and blood products can cause the occurrence of hepatitis B after blood transfusion.

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 5: close life

Contact transmission includes living together. As long as the skin and mucous membrane are damaged, it may be infected. After the skin and mucous membrane are damaged, the body fluid of hepatitis B patients will fall on your damaged skin and mucous membrane, which may be infected. They can also share razors and toothbrushes in daily life to cause HBV transmission, which is called close life infection. Close contact in daily life can make the blood, saliva, milk, vaginal secretions containing hepatitis B virus enter the body of the susceptible person through the small abrasions and tears of the mucous membrane or skin, causing hepatitis B virus infection.

Route of transmission of hepatitis B 6: sexual transmission

For hepatitis B patients can be sexually transmitted, sexual transmission is also a kind of body fluid transmission. In addition, kissing can also spread, if the lip mucosa is damaged, it is also possible. In the family, if one of the husband and wife is a hepatitis B patient or a hepatitis B virus carrier, the other must be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine to obtain antibodies; in daily life, we should also do a good job in various preventive measures.