The start of spring in 2019 is only five days away today. One year's time is really fleeting. Some friends have doubts about how to determine the start of spring every year. Is the start of spring the same day every year? In fact, the time of each solar term in each year is not fixed, but calculated by calculation. Do you want to know the calculation method of start of spring? Let's follow the editor to long pose.
Which day is spring? Is spring the same day every year
Beginning of spring
Every spring is not the same day. Spring is the first of the twenty-four solar terms. The time point is between February 3rd -5 of the Gregorian calendar.
Calculation of spring start date:
Calculation formula: [y * D + C] - L
Formula interpretation: the last two digits of the number of years are multiplied by 0.2422 and 3.87 to take the integer minus leap years. C value in the 22nd century = 4.15.
For example, if the calculation steps of spring start date in 2058 are [58×.0.2422+3.87]-[(58-1) /4]=17-14=3, spring will start on February 3rd.
Spring is one of the twenty-four solar terms. Each solar term corresponds to a certain position reached by the earth when it moves on the ecliptic every 15-deg., reflecting the influence of the sun on the earth, which belongs to the solar calendar category. The ancient name of the earth's orbit around the sun was "ecliptic", also known as "solar road". The ecliptic was divided into 24 equal parts, 15 DEG; apart from each other, 24 solar terms were formed. 24 solar terms are actually 24 time points, 2 solar terms per month. Each solar term has three waiting periods, each of which is five days. When the sun reaches the Yellow longitude 315-deg;, it is the beginning spring node. In spring, yin and Yang transform, Yin recedes and Yang rises, Qi begins, and everything recovers. A new cycle begins.
On the day of spring, Chinese folk pay attention to buying a radish to eat, which is called biting spring. Because radish is spicy, take the meaning of the ancients' bite the grass root, then everything can be done '. Old Beijingers pay attention to seasonal food. On the first day of spring, they need to eat spring cakes. Eating spring cakes is to bite the spring. Some people also call for eating spring plates. From the early morning of this day, some people carry the burden and shout in the alley: radish is competing with pear. At that time, no matter how poor people were, they would buy a radish for their children to bite spring.
"Biting spring" and "fighting spring" in spring
Beginning of spring
The traditional customs and culture of spring fighting originated from the imperial palace. It is said that on the day of spring, the Imperial Palace and other places should celebrate it ceremoniously. The earliest time to start spring is to smash the clay sculptured spring cattle standing in front of the imperial palace. It is recorded in the historical books that "Duke Zhou started to make spring local cattle". In the book of Kyoto customs, it is recorded that "in front of the palace, there is a god of Mang in the East and a spring ox in the west". After finishing the ceremony, the soldiers were burned, so it was called "spring fighting". At that time, people snatched the pieces of spring cattle home one after another, regarded them as auspicious symbols, and put the soil blocks in the livestock circle, which meant that the head of the trough was prosperous. Putting grain in the granary means that the granary is full of grain.
The God of mang here is the God of spring, who is in charge of the year's farming. In the temple fair of old Beijing, the emperor's calendar is usually sold together with the picture of the ox selling in spring. The man in front of the picture of the ox selling in spring draws the God of Mang.
There is a long history of rituals, such as painted cattle, firecrackers, and people dressed as spring officials meet in front of the road to meet the God of Mang and fight spring cattle. The earliest rituals were performed by the palace in person. It was recorded in the book "Tokyo dreamland record" of Song Dynasty that mangshen and Chunniu "entered from the middle gate of midday gate to the gate of Qianqing and the gate of cining, and each internal supervisor received the music, and all of them retired after finishing the ceremony".
This tradition has changed a little since then. The God of Mang and spring cattle were set up in front of the palace instead of in the countryside. Such changes have been recorded in the Ming Dynasty's writing. A spring field was set up outside the Dongzhimen gate to house the God of Mang and the spring cattle. However, in the capital, all ceremonies are still organized and completed by the palace. In the book "a brief introduction to the scenery of the imperial capital" printed in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, there is a special record of the spring field: 'five li outside the Dongzhimen gate is the spring field, the spring Pavilion in the field, Wanli Guisi, and the government Yin Xie Jiejian. The story is that on the first day of spring, the great Beijing ushers in the spring, the flag guides, the second tianjiale, the second goumangshenting, the second chunniutai, the second County zhengzuo, the senior, the capital Confucian. All the officials in the government are riding, Cheng Yinyu. Officials are all dressed in red hairpins to welcome the spring. They enter the mansion from the field. It's a day to create the God of the ox's Mang, to enter the imperial court, the Imperial Palace, and the prince's spring. Bi, congratulations from all officials. At the beginning of spring, the officials and officials of the prefecture and county were in uniform, and each of them used colored weapons to whip the cattle. '