This year in Guangdong, there are relatively more influenza in children, mainly detected as influenza A. once the baby has influenza, parents should not worry too much and must master scientific and reasonable methods. What are the early symptoms of influenza in children?
Early identification of influenza in children
1. A popular season, such as winter and spring.
2. Contact history of fever patients.
Epidemic season and contact history are very important in clinical diagnosis of influenza.
3. Fever symptoms, often high fever, sometimes up to 40 ℃, but persistent. Or the normal interval of fever is very short, and the temperature rises soon.
4. Accompanied by pain, muscle pain, sore throat. Or with gastrointestinal symptoms.
5. The mental symptoms of the feverish children are obviously different from those of the cold and fever in the past.
6. The total number of leukocytes was normal or slightly decreased, the number of neutrophils in the early stage was decreased, and the number of neutrophils in the middle and late stage was decreased. Although the detection of respiratory tract antigen can provide the basis for etiological diagnosis, some of them may appear false positive (that is, the clinical symptoms and manifestations are influenza, but the detection is negative, so we can not rely on this test too much)
In a word, many parents should be clear about identifying early influenza and common cold, and popular science also says a lot. Comprehensive diagnosis is needed. Parents provide accurate medical history. It is also important for doctors to carefully inquire about medical history.
Common complications of influenza in children
1. Acute otitis media is a common complication. However, the typical onset time of otitis media is three to four days after the onset of influenza symptoms, with tinnitus, hearing loss, earache and other symptoms. Some young children tend to cry and quarrel or often use their hands to scratch their ears.
2、 Pneumonia is the main complication of influenza. It is most common in children under two years old. Influenza usually leads to mild pneumonia with a short duration.
3. Acute myositis is a rare and serious influenza complication, with extreme muscle pain, most commonly in the lower leg. Lower pain, dyskinesia, serum creatine phosphokinase concentration significantly increased.
4. Although influenza related myocarditis is not common in children, it may be severe and explosive, with pale face, fast heart rate, poor circulation, cold limbs, etc. Myocardial enzymes and troponin increased.
6. The complications of central nervous system in children younger than 4 years old are: febrile convulsion, aseptic meningitis, acute cerebellar ataxia, transverse myelitis, Guillain Barre syndrome, acute encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and acute necrotic encephalopathy.
How to identify common complications of influenza early
1. In the process of acute otitis media but influenza fever, there are big children's ear pain, small babies crying and restless, or small hands grasping the ears, even the outer ear canal has purulent secretion, or the temperature recedes and rises again, and the blood picture rises.
2. Pneumonia influenza is prone to complications of pulmonary infection. One is caused by its own influenza virus, the other is secondary bacterial infection. Influenza itself often coughs less and less frequently, but when combined with pneumonia, the cough is often intensified, the breath is short, the fever does not fall as expected, and pneumonia may occur.
3. Acute myositis children suffering from influenza itself will have muscle ache, but it does not affect normal activities. If the child suddenly has severe pain and activity disorder, especially leg pain, it is suggested that creatine kinase, with a high index, can be clearly combined with clinical diseases.
4. In or about 1-2 weeks after influenza, children suddenly appear pale and heart rate increases. The older children will show chest distress, palpitation, respiratory fatigue and fatigue. The younger children will show sudden weakness and pale, which can not be explained by other diseases. Do not let go of this complication. It can check ECG, chest film, myocardial enzyme spectrum, troponin and so on.
5. Parents of central nervous system complications can often find clues in these aspects: convulsion, drowsiness, change of consciousness, change of character, vomiting unrelated to eating, jet, severe headache, sudden weakness of limbs, tremor and shaking of limbs, etc. We should see a doctor in time and not delay the time of treatment.
How to deal with influenza scientifically
1. First of all, don't panic. Although influenza has complications, it doesn't mean that influenza must have complications. To understand the common complications of influenza in order to better early detection and better treatment.
2. The end of October is the best time for influenza vaccination every year. Although it is missed now, it is recommended to vaccinate if there is any influenza vaccine, which can effectively reduce influenza symptoms and spring flu.
3. Early identification, standardized treatment, high fever in children, in clinical consideration of influenza 48 hours to give children anti influenza drugs, oseltamivir granules or capsules oral, can effectively shorten the course of influenza and complications. What if the infected children can't take this medicine? They can eat it with mixed food or jam.
4. It is an effective method to avoid influenza virus and wear PM2.5 mask to prevent influenza virus. Especially around someone with a fever, classmates, family. Try not to go to places where people gather.
5. Wash your hands frequently, with flowing water, soap or disinfectant, which can reduce the infection of virus from the mouth and nose.
6. Positive and optimistic attitude, enough sleep, open windows and ventilate, no matter at home, school, car (the more winter, also need windows and doors to ventilate, reduce bacteria stay).
7. Influenza has no basis for bacterial infection and does not abuse antibiotics. If the appetite is OK and there is no vomiting, diarrhea and loss of body fluids, there is no need for infusion treatment.
In a word, influenza is an acute infectious disease with certain complications, which may occur in the process of disease progress, or in the time of quick recovery, or after influenza. Therefore, children with influenza should rest more and reduce overwork. Parents must pay attention to the changes of children's condition, so as to avoid missing complications and help children's health.