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What customs do people have on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month? The origin of folk custom in

People are extremely looking forward to its coming on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. When the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month arrives, the Spring Festival officially enters the countdown. Moreover, when the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is celebrated, there are many folk customs and taboos. What are the folk customs activities on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month?

What is the folk custom of the 23rd month of the twelfth lunar month? The origin of the folk custom of the 23rd month of the twelfth lunar month

1, sacrifice kitchen

The custom of sending cookers is very common in North and South China. Mr. Lu Xun once wrote the poem "gengzi sending cookers to the kitchen is an instant event": a chicken with gum and gums, and a classic coat with petals for fragrance. If there is no growth in the house, is there only a few yellow sheep.

"On the day when Zao Jun ascended to heaven, there was still a kind of sugar on the street, the size of a orange. There was this thing in our place, but it was flat, like a thick pancake. That's the so-called & lsquo; glue & rsquo. The original intention is to invite Zaojun to eat and stick his teeth, so that he can't talk to the Jade Emperor. The allusion of "Huang Yang" is mentioned in Lu Xun's poems. It comes from the book of the later Han Dynasty, the biography of Yin knowledge: "when Emperor Xuandi was proclaimed, the most filial and benevolent people in Yin Zi fang had benevolence. In the early days of the twelfth lunar month, when the Kitchen God saw the shape of the kitchen, Zifang was worshipped and celebrated again; there was a yellow sheep in the family, which was worshipped. Since then, he has become extremely rich. To know the third world, and then prosperous, so often in the later days to sacrifice stove and recommend the Yellow sheep Yan. 'when Yin Zifang saw the kitchen god, he killed the Yellow sheep for sacrifice. Later, he got lucky. From then on, the custom of killing the Yellow sheep for sacrifice to the kitchen came down.

In Tang and Song Dynasties, there were a lot of offerings for the kitchen. Fan Chengda, a poet of Song Dynasty, made a very vivid description of the folk kitchen sacrifice at that time: it is said that on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month in ancient times, the kitchen king would like to talk to the heaven. Cloud car Wind Horse small Liulian, home cup and plate Fengdian worship. Pig's head cooked with fresh Pisces, bean paste, sweet pine and rice bait round. Men drink to offer their daughters to avoid, sprinkle wine to burn money, and the kitchen master likes it. You must not hear the struggle between maids and princes, and you must not be angry at the touch of cats and dogs. Send you drunk and full to the gate of heaven, spoon long spoon short not cloud, begging for profit return points.

The sacrificial stove on the 23rd of the 12th lunar month is closely related to the new year. Because, on the eve of the new year's Eve a week later, the kitchen god came to the world with the good and bad luck that his family should have. Lord Zao is believed to lead the way for the gods in the sky. Other gods rise to heaven again after the new year, only the kitchen god will stay in the kitchen for a long time. The ceremony to greet the gods is called "meeting the gods". For the kitchen Lord, it is called "meeting the kitchen". The kitchen reception is usually on New Year's Eve. The ceremony is much simpler. When the time comes, just put on a new kitchen lamp and burn incense in front of the kitchen niche.

There is a saying that men do not worship the moon and women do not sacrifice the kitchen. In some places, women don't sacrifice to the kitchen. It is said that the kitchen Lord looks like a little white face. He is afraid of women's sacrifice to the kitchen, which is repugnant to men and women. The origin of the kitchen god has a long history. Among the folk gods in China, the qualification of Kitchen God is very old. As early as the Xia Dynasty, he was already a great God respected by the people. According to the ancient book of rites & middot; ritual vessels, Kong yingdashu: Zhuanxu's son, Li, was called Zhu Rong and was worshipped as kitchen god. According to Zhuangzi Dasheng, the stove has a bun. Sima Biao commented that: bun, Kitchen God, wearing red clothes, looks like a beauty. It is also recorded in baopuzi Weizhi that on the dark night of the moon, the kitchen god also committed crimes against the white people. These records are probably the source of the sacrifice to the kitchen god. In addition, the kitchen god is the surname of Sui people who drill wood to make fire, or the fire officer of Shennong, or Su Jili, who made the kitchen by the Yellow Emperor, or the name of the kitchen god is Zhang, the name list, and the word Ziguo. There are different opinions.

Because of the different customs, there are also "tiaozaowang" and "dabaowang" activities.

2. Eat cooking sugar

There is no need for chicken, duck, fish, cattle, sheep and three animals to offer sacrifice to Zao God, just offering some 'sugar melon' to let Zao God taste some sweetness and say a few words in front of the Jade Emperor. As the old saying goes, "23. Tanggua is sticky. Master Zaojun wants to go to heaven.". Vesta sugar is a kind of maltose, which is called "Guandong sugar" when it is drawn into a long stick, and "sugar melon" when it is drawn into a flat circle. True Guandong sugar is very hard and can't be broken. It must be split with a kitchen knife when eating. The material is very heavy and fine.

Today's modern people, more people use sugar gourd to spend the festival. In addition, jiaozi and Huo are also the special festival food of Xiaonian. During the festival, people pay attention to eating dumplings, and take the idea of 'sending dumplings off to face the wind'. There are more cakes and buckwheat noodles in the mountains. In the southeast of Shanxi Province, it is popular to eat fried corn. There is a saying in the folk proverb, "23, do not eat fried corn. At the beginning of the year - one pot pour". People like to stir fry corn with maltose, frozen into large pieces, eat crisp and sweet.

3. Sweeping dust

After holding the kitchen ceremony, they formally began to prepare for the new year. Every year from the 23rd of the 12th lunar month to the end of new year's Eve, Chinese people call this period "Spring Festival", also known as "dust day". Sweeping is the year-end sweeping, which is called "house sweeping" in the north and "dusting" in the south. It is a traditional habit of Chinese people to sweep dust before the Spring Festival. Every time the Spring Festival comes, every family should clean the environment, clean all kinds of utensils, remove the bedding and curtains, sweep the six Lu courtyard, dust the cobweb, and dredge the open channel and underground ditch. Across the river, there is a happy atmosphere of sanitation and clean spring festival.

The custom of "on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, dusting houses" has a long history. According to Lu's spring and Autumn Annals, there was a custom of sweeping the dust during the Spring Festival in China. According to the folk saying: because of the homophony of "Chen" and "Chen", sweeping the dust in the new spring has the meaning of "removing the old and distributing the new". The intention is to sweep out all the "poor luck" and "bad luck". This custom reposes on people's desire to break down and make a new start, and their plea to say goodbye to the old and welcome the new.

"Three corpse gods" are called "gods" in Taoism. According to the Sutra of the three corpses of the Supreme Lord: "the name of the upper corpse is Peng Luo, in the head; the name of the middle corpse is Peng Zhi, in the belly; the name of the lower corpse is Peng Jiao, in the foot. He said that on the day of Gengshen, they would go to heaven to tell the emperor about human sins. However, as long as people stay up all night, they can avoid it, which is called "guarding Gengshen".

4. Cut window flowers

Window cutting is also a popular folk activity in the early years. The contents include all kinds of animals and plants, such as magpie climbing plum, yanchuantao willow, peacock playing peony, lion rolling Hydrangea, Sanyang (Yang) Kaitai, Erlong playing pearl, luhetongchun (six contract spring), wubat (Fu) holding longevity, rhinoceros looking at the moon, lotus (even) year fish (surplus), Yuanyang playing water, Liuhai playing golden cicada, hehe Erxian and so on.

Window cutting is one of the ingenious handicrafts in the old women's competitions. Every new year, the skillful women would wave scissors and draw on the red paper. At that time, the women who had the ability didn't need to draw patterns. They were usually improvisational and had strong randomness. Nowadays, paper-cut is also a kind of art to beautify life, and it can also have fun in paper-cut.

5. Writing spring couplets

After the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, every family has to write spring couplets. People pay attention to God must paste, every door must paste, every thing must paste, so the spring festival couplet number is the most, the content is the most complete. The couplets in front of the gods are very particular, most of them are for worshiping and praying. Common ones are heaven and earth God couplets: 'heaven's grace is like the sea, and earth's virtue is like the mountain'; land God couplets: 'white jade grows in the earth, and gold grows in the earth'; wealth God couplets: 'God of wealth in the sky, God of wealth in the world'; well God couplets: 'well can reach all over the world, and home can reach three rivers'. The Spring Festival couplets in Mian granary and livestock pen all express warm congratulations and hopes. For example, 'the grain is plentiful, the six animals are prosperous';' the rice is thick as the mountain, the oil and salt are deep as the sea ';' the cattle are like the south mountain tiger, the horse is like the North Sea Dragon ';' the big sheep is prosperous year by year, the little lambs are increasing month by month 'and so on. In addition, there are also some single couplets, such as "look up and see happiness" in each room, on the opposite side of the door, "go out and see happiness", on the busy fire, on the courtyard, on the trees, on the stone mill, on the white tiger, etc. The couplet on the gate is the facade of a family, which is attached great importance to, or lyrical, or written, with rich content and witty words.

6. Bath and haircut

There is a saying among the people that if you have money or not, you can shave your head for the new year. The bath and haircut activities, mostly concentrated in the small years before and after.

7. To drive out a disorderly marriage

After twenty-three, the people think that the gods have gone to heaven and there is no taboo. To marry a daughter-in-law or hire a daughter-in-law without choosing a day is called a disorderly marriage. Folk songs have a busy marriage in the village of nianyan, and the post of Yichun amuses Chunguang. In front of the lantern, my sister said in private that keeping the year old is the saying of the bridal chamber this year.