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Popular science: the difference between micro single and SLR

We all know the names of "micro single" and "SLR", but many people can't tell what is micro single and what is SLR. Why are all cameras named differently? What is the difference between micro single and SLR? I believe this article will help you.

1、 What is SLR

In Taiwan and Hong Kong, SLR cameras are called 'monocular' cameras, and the full name of SLR is' single lens reflex camera ', abbreviated as SLR camera), also known as SLR cameras. It's a camera that uses a lens and uses it to reflect light. The so-called "single lens" refers to the photography exposure light path and the viewfinder light path share one lens, unlike the side axis camera or the double anti camera, which has independent lens.

"Reflection" refers to a plane reflector in the camera to separate the two light paths: the reflector falls down during the shooting, reflects the light of the lens to the pentaprism, and then to the viewfinder window; when shooting, the reflector lifts up quickly, and the light can shine on the sensitive element CMOS. SLR is not a product of the digital age. As early as the film age, SLR cameras have existed. With the development of digital image carrier, SLR has also entered the digital era. Now, the SLR is usually called SLR digital camera.

In the internal structure of SLR, there is a reflector and pentaprism for various reflections of light. These mirrors and pentaprism (or pentaprism) which are used to send the external light to the viewfinder through physical reflection become the main components of SLR camera, and also the biggest difference between SLR and micro single and other portable digital cameras. Through the form of specular reflection, the human eye can finally observe the object in the camera's viewfinder, which is called optical viewfinder. Whether or not to have an optical viewfinder can also be considered as the biggest difference between SLR and other consumer class portable digital cameras.

2、 What is micro single

Micro single includes two meanings: micro, micro compact, single, replaceable single lens camera, that is to say, the word means that this kind of camera has a small volume and the general image quality of SLR, that is, the micro compact camera with SLR function is called micro single camera.

Ordinary card digital cameras are very fashionable, but due to the aperture and lens size, there are always some beautiful scenes that can't be photographed; and professional SLR cameras are too cumbersome. As a result, micro single camera came into being. Micro single camera is between card digital camera and SLR camera, just like netbook appeared between notebook and smartphone.

The difference between SLR and micromonor: the difference of photometry between SLR and micromonor

The TTL internal light measuring system in the SLR of the micro single camera is to install a special light measuring sensor behind the pentaprism to calculate the light reception of the camera's main photosensitive element, so that the user can manually adjust the parameters of the exposure with the indication of the light measuring system as a reference.

Therefore, in the optical viewfinder (or shoulder screen and main display screen) of SLR digital camera, there is always an exposure reference reading under the image, which changes in real time according to the different brightness of the lens image. The user who loves to experience the fun of manually operating the camera is to determine the correct settings required for exposure with the light meter as the reference, so as to ensure no overexposure or underexposure.

For micro single, the process of photometry has not become a set of system alone, and there is no complex photometry sensor device like SLR. The photometry process is completely completed by the camera's main photosensitive element and image processor. In the case of no reflector structure, the light directly shines on the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element converts the light signal into the image signal and outputs it to the screen and image processor in real time. The image processor analyzes these image signals and finally obtains the correct exposure settings.

The difference between SLR and micro single: the difference between SLR and micro single auto focus system

The complexity of the internal structure of the SLR digital camera of the micro single camera completely continues from the old generation of film SLR, so all kinds of systems can be preserved. In the era of electromagnetic underdevelopment, most of the work of cameras can only be done by simulation or mechanical means. The phase difference focusing system of SLR is another system which is independent of the viewfinder, imaging and photometry.

Phase difference focusing is to focus the picture by ranging. The component that completes the ranging process is called AF sensor (autofocus). After the reflector of SLR camera, there is also a sub reflector (or sub mirror). This sub reflector will send part of the incident light to AF sensor, determine the focus through ranging, and then the system controls the lens movement to complete automatic focusing.

Contrast focusing is used for micro single laser. This kind of focusing is not micro alone. Most portable digital cameras and mobile phones, including iPhone, use this kind of automatic focusing mode. Just like the photometry system of micromonor, the focusing system of micromonor is not a separate system. Contrast focusing is still carried out by the camera's main photosensitive element and image processor.

Because there is no reflector structure in the micro single and portable digital cameras, the light-sensitive elements receive the external light signals directly. The light-sensitive elements continuously convert these light signals into electronic image signals and transmit them to the image processor. In the process of auto focusing and lens moving, the image sensor samples and analyzes the pixels at the focus selected by the user, and compares the brightness value of the pixel with the highest brightness and the pixel with the lowest brightness. When the difference between the two is the largest, it is considered that the focusing is successful.

As for the difference between the two, the contrast auto focus mode does not form an independent system in the whole system of the micro single. The reason is that, in addition to the internal no reflector structure, saving the volume of the camera is also relatively critical for the micro single. In addition to the need for additional AF sensors and reflectors, phase difference focusing increases the complexity of the system, but also increases the volume of the camera.