We always find that we have birthmarks on ourselves, especially for many newborn babies. Sometimes we have birthmarks on our faces carelessly, which is really unacceptable. For novice parents, we must learn to distinguish which birthmarks belong to.
Common types of birthmarks
1. Brown birthmark: if there are only a few, there is generally no adverse effect; but if there are more than six, and the diameter of each spot is greater than 1.5cm, the risk of neurofibromatosis is significantly increased.
2. Verrucous nevus: benign tumor of the skin caused by abnormal epidermal development, which grows with age, presenting as dense light brown papules arranged in a linear pattern, often complicated with central system diseases, such as epilepsy, mental retardation, etc. Surgical resection may be used.
3. White birthmark: pay attention to the possibility of aspiration, epilepsy, and mental development disorders.
4. Facial vascular nevus: the red birthmark on the face, which can lead to meningeal hemangioma, mental retardation, glaucoma, etc.
5. Cavernous hemangioma: common in the skin of head and face, involving oral mucosa or bone, liver, etc. It is manifested as a soft mass under the skin. When pressing, it is like a sponge. Generally, it persists and tends to increase. Therefore, surgical treatment should be carried out as soon as possible.
6. Black birthmark: if you have a large number of black spots on your body, you may have wind, mental disorders, epilepsy.
7. Baby's blue birthmark is more common, mostly distributed in the baby's back, buttocks, such birthmark has nothing to do with neurological diseases, they tend to gradually fade with the increase of baby's age.
8. A large, smooth area of excess pigmentation, probably on the back or buttocks, most commonly seen in dark skinned babies. 95% to 100% of Asians have this kind of birthmark. Mongolian plaques usually disappear by the age when the baby goes to school, but may never completely disappear.
9. Hemangioma: various vascular hyperplasia. This raised, rough tissue may be large, ugly, or small and inconspicuous. About 10% of babies have hemangiomas, most commonly in the head and neck. Unlike other baby birthmarks, hemangiomas may grow very fast, usually within 6 weeks after birth (only 30% of hemangiomas can be seen at birth), and continue to grow for about 1 year, usually no more than 5-8 cm. Then, without treatment, it will stop growing, turn white, and then begin to shrink (called degeneration and involution). This reverse process usually lasts for 3 to 10 years. 20% of children with hemangioma have more than one hemangioma, which is more common in girls, premature infants and twins.
10. Coffee and milk spots: tan or light brown smooth patches, sometimes several patches may gather together. 20% - 50% of newborns will have one or two of these pigmented birthmarks. The baby's birthmark is usually smaller as the baby grows up, but it may also be darker due to the sun.