Today is cold food festival. What do you know about cold food festival? Cold food festival is a very commemorative Festival, which is also called no smoking Festival, cold Festival and so on. Do you know who cold food festival is to commemorate? What is the origin of cold food festival?
Cold food festival: what is the origin of cold food festival
Ancient times
The origin of cold food festival should be the fire worship of human beings in ancient times. The ancients could not live without firing, but fire often caused great disasters to human beings, so the ancients thought that fire had gods and they wanted to sacrifice fire. Every family's fire must be stopped once a year. And then start a new fire again, which is called "change fire". When changing the fire, we should hold grand ancestor worship activities and burn the symbol of millet God Ji, which is called human sacrifice. As a result, the later fire prohibition Festival came into being.
Spring and Autumn Period
The festival of forbidden fire was later transformed into cold food festival to commemorate jieziti, a famous official and righteous scholar of Jin State in the spring and Autumn period. It's said that during the exile of Duke Wen of Jin, jieziti once cut off shares to satisfy his hunger. When Duke Wen of Jin returned to his country as king, he forgot Jie Zitui when he was granted to all the officials. Jieziti didn't want to boast and compete for favor. He lived in seclusion in Mianshan with his mother. Later, Duke Wen of Jin went to Mianshan to congratulate jiezitui himself. Jiezitui didn't want to be an official and hid in the mountain. Jin Wengong's men set fire to the mountain. The original intention was to force Jie Zitui to expose. As a result, Jie Zitui was burned under a big tree holding his mother. In order to commemorate this loyal and righteous man, he did not make a fire to cook on the day of Jiezi's death. He wanted to eat cold food, which was called cold food festival.
Wei Jin period
In the Han Dynasty, Shanxi people wanted to ban fire for a month to express their memory. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei Dynasty, once ordered the custom to be cancelled. There is a saying in the "Yin punishment order" that "people should not eat cold food when they hear that Taiyuan, Shangdang and Yanmen will not eat cold food in the first hundred and five days after the winter solstice, and the cloud will be used as a pusher". Those who commit the crime shall be punished by their parents at the age of half a year, and the chief officials at the age of one hundred days, and the chief shall be ordered to take one month's salary '. After the return of the Three Kingdoms to Jin, due to the homonym of "Jin" in the spring and Autumn period, they paid special attention to the anecdotes of Jin and revived the custom of prohibiting fire and cold food in memory of jieziti. But the time was shortened to three days. At the same time, the concept of cold food festival commemorating jieziti has been extended to all parts of the country, so cold food festival has become a national festival, and cold food festival has become a common custom of the Han nationality.
Who does cold food festival commemorate
About whom cold food festival is to commemorate, the ancient legend originates from the memory of jieziti, a loyal minister of Jin State in the spring and Autumn period. Jin Xian, the king of Jin, loved Li Ji, the concubine, so he killed Shen Sheng, the prince of Jin, and decided to transfer it to Xi Qi, the son of Li Ji. In order to escape the disaster, his son Chong'er had to flee to other countries. On the way, he was suffering from poverty and illness, and almost died of cold and hunger. The accompanying jiezitui stealthily cuts a piece of meat from his thigh and makes it into a soup for Chong'er to save his life and get through the difficulties. Later, Chong'er returned to the state. When he was king of Jin, he was King Wen of Jin + however, when he rewarded the officials in exile, King Wen of Jin only forgot Jie Zitui. When Jin Wengong learned that jiezitui and his old mother were hiding in Mianshan and living in seclusion, he sent people to invite him to be granted the upper court several times, but jiezitui couldn't help it. At this time, someone offered a plan to set fire to the mountain. He thought that he would protect his mother and go down the mountain to avoid fire. Unexpectedly, after the fire, it was found that jiezitui and his mother were killed holding the tree together. Jin Wengong was very sorry and regretted. After crying, he ordered that Jiezi Tui's funeral and the day of his death should be designated as cold food festival. It was forbidden to raise fire all over the country. No matter who -- it was forbidden to eat hot food to show his mourning for Jiezi Tui.