Recently, with the arrival of spring, the temperature gradually warmer, HFMD into the epidemic season. For families with children at home, we should do a good job in prevention, so how to do a good job in prevention of HFMD in spring? What are the initial symptoms of HFMD?
It is understood that hand, foot and mouth disease is an acute infectious disease caused by enterovirus, which occurs all year round in our city, with high incidence from April to July and September to November, and children under 5 years old as the main susceptible population, especially children under 3 years old with the highest incidence. Generally, adults do not have symptoms after infection, but can spread the virus, so adults need to do a good job of protection to avoid infection to infants.
According to reports, the main infectious sources of the disease are sick babies and virus carriers. There are a lot of viruses in the droplets and feces of these two groups of people. The virus can be deposited in hands, towels, toys, clothes, beds, quilts, tableware, milk bottles and other places. Babies are easy to inhale the air polluted by the virus or contact with the virus by touching the children's personal items Infected objects. In the early stage of children's illness, there will be low fever, cough, runny nose, abdominal pain and other characteristics of the symptoms are not obvious. After 1-2 days of fever and abdominal pain, blisters or herpes with the size of peas will appear in the oral mucosa of the baby, small round or oval papules will appear in the limbs, and some babies will also appear in the buttocks. The older babies will tell their mothers that their mouths hurt, while the younger ones will show increased water exports, refusal to eat, poor appetite and crying. Although most of the patients recovered well, a few of them were in serious condition, and could be complicated with encephalitis, meningitis, myocarditis, pneumonia, etc. if they were not treated in time, their lives would be endangered.
Experts remind that once a child has a similar situation, parents can identify HFMD by some simple methods. The most typical symptom of HFMD is moderate fever (body temperature is about 38 ℃), and then there is pharyngeal pain. Children show salivation and refusal to eat. When children are not in time, parents should touch their children's forehead and body to see if they have fever, and check the mouth to see if there are multiple herpes on the pharyngeal mucosa, and whether there are pimples or herpes around the far end of the hand and foot and anus. Papules or herpes generally have the size of rice grains or mung beans, which are round or oval, surrounded by a red halo, without obvious itching.
How to prevent HFMD in spring
1. The baby should wash his hands before eating, after defecating and after going out;
2. During the epidemic period of HFMD, we should take less babies to public places with more people and reduce the chance of being infected;
3. Keep the room clean and ventilated; wash and disinfect the baby's tableware and toys regularly;
4. Supplement sufficient nutrition for the baby, and ensure sufficient sleep to enhance the body immunity.