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What month is the 2019 Dragon Boat Festival? Origin and origin of the Dragon Boat Festival

We eat Zongzi on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. The ancients called this day the Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. The famous patriotic poet Qu Yuan died on this day. Therefore, the Chinese Han people took this day as a traditional festival to commemorate Qu Yuan. So what day is the Dragon Boat Festival this year? Who is the Dragon Boat Festival in memory of?

The Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of may in the lunar calendar, also known as the Dragon Boat Festival, the afternoon Festival, the May Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Yulan Festival, etc. It is a traditional cultural festival popular in China and other countries in the Chinese character cultural circle,

The Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. It was originally a festival for disease elimination and epidemic prevention. Before the spring and autumn in the land of Wu and Yue, it was customary to hold tribal totem sacrifice in the form of dragon boat race on the fifth day of may in the lunar calendar; Later, because the poet Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River and died, it became a traditional festival for Chinese to commemorate Qu Yuan; Some areas also commemorate Wu Zixu and Cao E.

Dragon Boat Festival has been eating zongzi and drinking realgar for a long time since ancient times. Influenced by Chinese culture, the Mid Autumn Festival is also a traditional festival for Chinese character culture circle countries and overseas Chinese all over the world.

Since 2008, the Dragon Boat Festival has been listed as a national legal holiday. In May 2006, the State Council listed it in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. In September 2009, UNESCO officially considered and approved China's Dragon Boat Festival as a world intangible cultural heritage, becoming China's first festival selected as a world intangible cultural heritage.

What month is the Dragon Boat Festival in 2019

As can be seen from the calendar above, the Dragon Boat Festival in 2019 will be on Friday, June 7, 2019.

Basic information of Dragon Boat Festival

Chinese Name: Dragon Boat Festival

English Name: Dragon Boat Festival

Nicknames: Dragon Boat Festival, afternoon Festival and may Festival

Holiday time: the fifth day of may (lunar calendar)

Festival type: traditional festival

Popular areas: China, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Vietnam and other countries

Festival origin: primitive worship and belief

Festival activities: dragon boat racing, Dragon Boat Festival eating zongzi, hanging Artemisia argyi leaf purse, etc

Festival Diet: zongzi, realgar wine, Wuhuang, etc

Holiday significance: in memory of Qu Yuan

National Cultural Heritage: listed in the first batch of list on May 20, 2006

World Cultural Heritage: selected into the world list on September 30, 2009

Who is the Dragon Boat Festival in memory of

There are many theories about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, among which the theory of commemorating Qu Yuan has the most extensive influence.

1. Commemorating Qu Yuan's Theory

According to the historical records' biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng ', Qu Yuan was a minister of King Huai of Chu in the spring and Autumn period. He advocated giving talents, enriching the country and strengthening the army, and urged the United Qi to resist the Qin Dynasty. He was strongly opposed by the noble Zilan and others. Qu Yuan was greedy to leave his job, was driven out of the capital and exiled to the yuan and Xiang river basins. In exile, he wrote immortal poems such as Li Sao, Tian Wen and nine songs, which are concerned about the country and the people, with unique style and far-reaching influence (therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the poet's day). In 278 BC, the Qin army broke through the Kyoto of the state of Chu. Seeing his motherland invaded, Qu Yuan was as heartbroken as a knife, but he could not bear to give up his motherland. On May 5, after writing his final work Huai Sha, he threw a stone into the Miluo River and died, composing a magnificent patriotic movement with his own life.

It is said that after Qu Yuan's death, the people of Chu were very sad and rushed to the Miluo River to pay tribute to Qu Yuan. The fishermen rowed their boats up and down the river to salvage his real body. A fisherman took out the rice balls, eggs and other food prepared for Qu Yuan and threw them into the river 'plop, plop', saying that if the fish dragons, shrimps and crabs were full, they would not bite Dr. Qu's body. People followed suit. An old doctor poured a jar of realgar wine into the river, saying that he wanted medicine to stun Jiaolong water animals so as not to hurt Dr. Qu. Later, for fear that the rice balls would be eaten by Jiaolong, people came up with the idea of wrapping rice with neem leaves, wrapped with colored silk, and developed into brown seeds.

Later, on the fifth day of May every year, there was the custom of dragon boat racing, eating zongzi and drinking realgar wine; To commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.

2. Commemorating Wu Zixu said

Related figures in the legend of the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival: Qu Yuan and Wu Zixu

The second legend of the Dragon Boat Festival, widely spread in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, commemorates Wu Zixu in the spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC). Wu Zixu was a famous member of the state of Chu. His father and brother were all killed by the king of Chu. Later, Zi Xu abandoned the secret and turned to the bright and rushed to the state of Wu to help Wu defeat Chu. He entered the capital of Chu in five wars. At that time, King Ping of Chu was dead. Zixu dug up the tomb and whipped the corpses for 300 to avenge the killing of his father and brother. After the death of King Helu of Wu, his son Fu Chai succeeded to the throne. The morale of the Wu army was high, victorious and defeated the state of Yue. Gou Jian, king of Yue, asked for peace, and Fu Chai Xu. Zixu suggested that the state of Yue should be completely eliminated. Fu Chai did not listen. The great ruler of the state of Wu was bribed by the state of Yue and slandered to frame Zixu. Fu Chai believed it and gave Zixu a sword. Zixu died. Zixu, who was loyal and good, regarded death as a return. Before he died, he said to his neighbors, 'after I died, I dug out my eyes and hung them on the east gate of Wu Jing to see the Yue army enter the city and destroy Wu', so he cut himself to death. The husband was so angry that he ordered to take Zixu's body in leather and throw it into the river on May 5. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also the day to commemorate Wu Zixu.

3. Cao E said in memory of her filial daughter

The third legend of the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Cao E, a filial daughter of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 23-220), who saved her father and threw herself into the river. Cao E was from Shangyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Her father drowned in the river and didn't see the body for days. At that time, her filial daughter Cao E was only 14 years old and cried along the river day and night. After 17 days, he threw himself into the river on May 5, and took out his father's body five days later. It was passed on as a myth, and then it was passed on to the governor of the county government, who ordered Dushang to erect a monument for it and asked his disciple Handan chun to eulogize it.

The tomb of the filial daughter Cao E is in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. It is said that the monument of Cao E was written by King Yi of Jin Dynasty. In order to commemorate Cao E's filial piety Festival, later generations built Cao E temple where Cao E threw himself into the river. The village where she lived was renamed Cao E Town, and the place where Cao E died was named Cao E river. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also a day to commemorate the filial daughter Cao E.

Name of Dragon Boat Festival

According to statistics, there are more than 20 names of the Dragon Boat Festival, such as Duanwu Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chongwu Festival, dangwuxun Festival, Tianzhong Festival, summer festival, May Festival, Acorus calamus Festival, Pu Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Yulan Festival, Qu Yuan day, Wuri Festival, daughter's Day, Dila Festival, poet's day, dragon day, noon day, Lantern Festival, five egg Festival, etc.

The Dragon Boat Festival

The word 'Duan' means' initial ', so' Duan five 'is' first five'. According to the calendar, may is the 'afternoon' month, so the 'Duanwu' has gradually evolved into the 'Dragon Boat Festival'. "Yanjing Sui Shi Ji" records: "the fifth day of the fifth day is the single fifth of May, and the sound transfer of the cover word is also."

Dragon Boat Festival

According to the records of Jingchu age, the first afternoon of May is the day when the weather is good, so it is called "Dragon Boat Festival" on the fifth day of May.

Double Ninth Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the "Double Ninth Festival" or "Double Fifth Festival". In some places, it is also called the "May Festival".

When the five floods

In some rural areas of Shanghai, areas near the North Bank of Hangzhou Bay, such as Fengxian, Nanhui and other areas, are customarily called "Duanwu Festival" as "when the five floods".

Tianzhong Festival

This name comes from the number of yin and Yang skills. The Dragon Boat Festival is the mid day festival, which is called the mid day festival because the sun reaches the mid day and reaches the highest point, especially at noon. Japan takes May 5 as "men's Day", which may also come from Tianzhong Festival, because it believes that only men uphold the Qi of communication in heaven and earth.

Yulan Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival is in midsummer. It is a season of frequent skin diseases. The ancients used orchid soup to bathe and decontaminate. The Han Dynasty's "big Dai Li" said: 'bathe in orchid soup at noon'.

Jiezong Festival

When the ancients ate zongzi at the Dragon Boat Festival, they compared the length of each person's zongzi leaves, and the elder was the winner. Therefore, it is also known as the "zongzi Festival".

Daughter's Day

The miscellaneous notes of the Wan Department published by Shen bang of the Ming Dynasty: "on the May daughter's day, it is the Dragon Boat Festival rope, wearing Wormwood Leaves and five poison talismans. Wan vulgar, from the first day to the fifth day of May, plays the role of a little girl and makes great research. Married women also return to peace. It's called daughter's day. "

End etiquette

Along the ancient customs in southern Hunan, on the fifth day of May when the summer day comes, hang Wormwood Leaves on the door and take a bath with wormwood leaves to drive away mosquitoes. People believe that after baptism, they can drive away malaria and safely spend this mosquito season in summer.

Acorus calamus Festival

The ancients believed that the "Double Ninth Festival" was a taboo day. At this time, the five poisons were exhausted. Therefore, the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival was to expel evil spirits and avoid poisons, such as hanging Acorus calamus and Wormwood Leaves on the door. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the "Acorus calamus Festival".