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It takes only 3.5 hours from Beijing to Shanghai, and the medium and low speed maglev rises suddenly

How about a 3.5-hour trip to Beijing and Shanghai? What's a 3.5-hour trip to Beijing and Shanghai? Many friends don't know. Let's take a look with Xiaobian.

How about a 3.5-hour trip to Beijing and Shanghai

600 kilometers per hour! Here comes the fastest land transportation in China.

It has no wheels, flies close to the ground, is faster than high-speed rail, and has less noise. If you are lucky enough to be its passenger, you will experience the feeling of flying.

On May 23, China's 600km / h high-speed maglev test vehicle was launched in Qingdao, one year ahead of the planned 2020 test vehicle.

According to the plan, the 600 km / h high-speed maglev prototype vehicle will be offline in 2020; In 2021, the system comprehensive test will be carried out on the commissioning line, and the integrated verification will be completed, forming the engineering capability of high-speed maglev.

However, a number of rail transit experts told reporters that the current high-speed maglev project research and development is more technical reserves. Considering the cost, transportation capacity, market, economic significance and other factors, it still has a long way to go before it can be truly transformed into mass transportation.

It only takes 3.5 hours from Beijing to Shanghai

As a new high-speed traffic mode, the most significant advantages of high-speed maglev are "one high, one low, one large and one small", that is, high speed, low noise, large passenger capacity and small vibration.

Sun Zhang, a professor at the Institute of railway and urban rail transit of Tongji University, told reporters that high-speed maglev can fill the gap in China's rail transit.

At present, the highest operating speed of high-speed rail is 350 km / h, and the cruising speed of aircraft is 800-900 km / h. The 600 km / h high-speed maglev can just fill the speed gap between high-speed rail and aviation.

There is a limitation in rail transit of wheel rail system, which is called 'adhesion limit speed'. According to the calculation, the limit speed is about 350 ~ 400 km / h, and the actual running speed will be lower if the noise, vibration, mechanical wear and other factors are taken into account.

In other words, there is an upper limit to the speed of high-speed rail. High speed maglev can break through the adhesion limit speed of wheel rail transit. " Sun Zhang said that the high-speed maglev also has the technical advantages of "fast start, fast stop" and can give full play to its speed advantage. It can be used for long-distance transportation as well as medium and short-distance passenger transportation.

China has great potential in the long-distance passenger transport market of 800-1500 km. Due to its high economic operation speed, the high-speed maglev transportation system is also suitable for the modern high-speed passenger transportation system with large capacity between the central cities tens to hundreds of kilometers away and the nearby important cities. It will be one of the important schemes to be considered when China chooses to build the high-capacity passenger transportation system.

Ding Sansan, the person in charge of the high-speed maglev project and deputy chief engineer of CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd., said in an interview that according to the actual travel time, high-speed maglev is the fastest mode of transportation within 1500 km. Take Beijing to Shanghai as an example, plus the travel preparation time, it takes about 4.5 hours by plane, 5.5 hours by high-speed rail, and only about 3.5 hours by high-speed maglev.

Can such a high speed guarantee safety? The reporter learned that the high-speed maglev adopts the 'holding rail' mode of operation, so that the train will not have the risk of derailment. Because the traction power supply system is arranged on the ground, the power supply is divided into sections, and only one train can run in the same power supply section, so there is basically no risk of rear end collision and the safety factor is high.

Sun Zhang told reporters that China's research on high-speed maglev not only fills the gap in rail transit, but also considers the technical reserve. As an international cutting-edge technology, high-speed maglev is a commanding point of the current world rail transit technology.

Zhao Jian, Professor of Beijing Jiaotong University, said in an interview that Japan, Germany and other countries are tackling high-speed maglev technology. China's active participation in international high-end technology research and development is also a consideration of comprehensive national strength competition. It will make technical reserves for the future higher-level transportation development, and may also be applied to the military.

Japan started the maglev train test in 1972. At present, Japan has 42.8 km Yamanashi Maglev Test line. In April 2015, Tokai railway company of Japan conducted a test on Yamanashi Maglev line, and set a world record of 603km / h maglev passenger train.

The maglev train test is to prepare for Japan's central Shinkansen. The designed speed of Japan's maglev central Shinkansen is 500km / h, with a total length of 286km, from Tokyo to Nagoya. It is expected to be completed and opened to traffic in 2027.

The key technologies are broken down individually

The key technology research project of high-speed maglev transportation system is one of the key projects of advanced rail transit in the 13th five year plan (2016-2020) of the Ministry of science and technology. It is also one of the first batch of national key R & D projects led by enterprises in China. The project is undertaken by CRRC and organized by Qingdao Sifang locomotive and rolling stock Co., Ltd.

In October 2016, the Ministry of science and technology organized the launching meeting of key special projects of "advanced rail transit", and the high-speed maglev project was officially launched. According to public information, 14 CRRC enterprises, 30 other enterprises, 16 universities and 5 scientific research institutes participated in the project. There are 1529 project teams, including 21 national key laboratories, 21 national engineering research centers and 16 national engineering laboratories.

On the 23rd, CRRC held a report meeting on Key Technologies of maglev transportation system and a ceremony for the first high-speed maglev test vehicle to go off the production line in Qingdao.

Ding Sansan said that after nearly three years of technical research, the research team has successfully broken through the key core technologies of high-speed maglev series, and achieved important phased results in the research and development of core subsystems such as vehicle, traction, operation control and communication.

As an important part of high-speed maglev project research and development, the test sample vehicle is the 'real vehicle level' test verification platform of high-speed maglev. Ding Sansan said that the key technologies and core system components of high-speed maglev can be verified and optimized through the test sample vehicle. The production of the test sample vehicle lays a technical foundation for the development of the follow-up engineering sample vehicle.

CRRC times electric (03898. HK), a subsidiary of CRRC Zhuzhou Research Institute, undertakes the research task of engineering application of high-speed maglev overall electrical system. Its contents include traction power supply, operation control, on-board three networks, suspension oriented eddy current braking and other key systems, covering more than 100 kinds and nearly 2000 sets of core products.

The person in charge of time electric told reporters that after three years of research and development, the whole electrical system engineering scheme has been completed, and phased achievements have been made in system integration technology, key equipment development and verification, collaborative simulation platform, etc. At the same time, we have accumulated valuable independent research and development experience in the design of converter drive system and the research and development of Maglev core technologies such as vehicle three network.

The person in charge said that according to the project plan, time electric will complete the delivery of Maglev prototype in 2020, and cooperate with the leading unit to carry out the commissioning of the test line, so as to lay the foundation for realizing the engineering application of maglev transportation system, and help China's rail transit industry to seize the commanding height in international competition and accumulate technical strength.

The three core technologies of rail transit are one vehicle (vehicle), two routes (track) and three systems (signal system). As the brain and nerve center of rail transit, signal system is the key to ensure the safe and efficient operation of maglev rail transit.

The reporter learned that the national key research and development task "Research on Key Technologies of high-speed maglev transportation system - Research on Key Technologies of operation control system autonomy" undertaken by China Communications Group is in progress. According to the technical characteristics and business requirements of high-speed maglev transportation system, the project realizes the safety protection and automatic driving of high-speed maglev train with speed of 600 km / h, realizes automatic train dispatching, intelligent path planning, comprehensive operation monitoring, etc., and completes the industrialization and engineering of train control system.

The project aims to apply the mature urban rail and high-speed rail train control technology to the field of high-speed maglev train control, complete the scheme design and prototype verification through the analysis and research of key technology differences, and lay the technical foundation for the next step of productization and engineering, the person in charge of China Communications told reporters. The implementation period of the task is until December 2020.

Medium and low speed maglev

Although breakthroughs have been made in tackling key problems of high-speed maglev technology, experts have analyzed that there is still a long way to go for high-speed maglev to be truly transformed into a means of mass transportation based on various factors such as cost, transportation capacity, market and economic significance.

High speed maglev has high cost. For example, Shanghai maglev line, the world's first commercial maglev line, has a total investment of 8.9 billion yuan. Sun Zhang said that the current cost of high-speed maglev in Japan is 1.5 times that of high-speed rail, and the cost may be reduced in the future with technological progress. In addition, the maglev train has no wheels, no friction with the track when running, and the daily maintenance cost is relatively low, which has the advantage of life cycle cost.

Zhao Jian told reporters that now is only the test sample car offline, track, line has not. Even if the technology is mature, how big the future market will be, how much traffic volume will be, and whether the cost is feasible need to be demonstrated one by one. It may take more than ten years or even longer for ordinary citizens to get on the high-speed maglev.

At the same time, in recent years, the medium and low speed maglev has sprung up. In May 2016, Changsha maglev express line, the first medium and low speed maglev line in China, was put into trial operation with passengers. Maglev is widely concerned for its high safety, low noise and low cost. At present, nearly 30 cities in China, such as Beijing, Wuhan, Chengdu and Guangzhou, are implementing or planning to launch medium and low speed maglev projects.

On May 6 this year, Changsha maglev Express Line handed over the "answer sheet" of its three-year operation. It has operated 146547 maglev trains, with a total mileage of 2.735 million km and a total of 9.1654 million passengers. China maglev has achieved a successful leap from technology research and development to commercial application.

Qian Qingquan, academician of Chinese Academy of engineering and professor of Southwest Jiaotong University, wrote that the investment cost, construction cycle, operation and maintenance cost of medium and low speed maglev rail transit are only about 1 / 3 of that of subway, and it is more environmental friendly, green, fast, flexible and comfortable. At present, the technology has been very mature, and it is a high-quality option for the development of rail transit.

At present, all parts of China are speeding up the layout of maglev transportation. On May 21, the second phase construction planning information of Jinan urban rail transit was announced, and medium and low speed maglev will be introduced to assist medium volume rail transit in the future. According to Jinan urban development strategic plan (2018-2050), Jinan medium volume rail transit includes tram and medium low speed maglev. In the long term, it will be composed of 23 lines, with a scale of about 410 km.

In addition, Changsha City plans to plan maglev transportation circle in Xiangjiang new area, and Wuhan city includes two medium and low speed maglev lines in the fourth round of rail transit construction plan.

Qian Qingquan once revealed that by 2020, China is expected to build more than five medium and low speed maglev commercial operation lines.