We often encounter in our work, some patients with myocardial infarction come to the hospital after a variety of setbacks at home, such as' cupping ',' massage ',' taking stomach medicine, painkillers', etc., the delay time can be from hours to weeks. It's obvious that knowledge preparation is needed to save some trouble.
Family first aid
In addition to quick response and calling an ambulance immediately, the patient should also be allowed to restrict activity and not move the patient at will. Persuade the patient to avoid over tension. Because activity and mental tension will increase myocardial oxygen consumption, and make the condition worse. If possible, patients should be given 300 milligrams of aspirin to chew, as well as sublingual nitroglycerin. Myocardial infarction is a very critical disease. Some patients will have cardiac arrest, malignant arrhythmia, sudden death. At this time, we should judge it in time, and immediately carry out external pressure and artificial respiration.
First aid for myocardial infarction
If there is no rescuer around, the patient should call 120 emergency call immediately. Before the rescue, you can take a deep breath and cough hard, which is an effective self-help method. As a family member, if you find a sudden myocardial infarction in your family, you should keep calm and give first aid decisively:
1. Call 120: contact the hospital and emergency station as soon as possible, and ask the doctor to rescue or send to the hospital for emergency treatment.
2. Lying on the ground: immediately let the patient lie on the ground with his feet slightly raised. It is strictly forbidden to move, because any move will increase the burden on the heart and endanger life.
3. Sedation: take out nitroglycerin tablet immediately to let the patient contain if there is a regular medicine box for home use, or take 1 isoamyl nitrite, crush it with a towel, cover the nose and inhale it. At the same time, take 1-2 tablets of diazepam to calm the patient down. Don't talk loudly around.
4. Oxygen absorption: if there is oxygen supply condition, oxygen absorption shall be given immediately.
5. Artificial respiration: if the patient's heart suddenly stops beating, the family should not hold it up, shake it and call, but should immediately take the first-aid measures of boxing the precordial area to make it jump again. If it is not effective, immediately carry out external chest heart massage and mouth to mouth artificial respiration until the doctor arrives.
Operation essentials of artificial respiration
If there is a patient at home, the family members should usually master the basic knowledge of first aid, especially the operation essentials and precautions of artificial respiration, so as to avoid being at a loss when the disease breaks out.
Operation essentials:
1. The patient lies on his back with his face upward and a soft pillow at the back of the neck (not the back of the head) to make his head as far back as possible.
2. The rescuer is next to the patient's head, and pinches the patient's nose with one hand to prevent air from leaking from the nostril. At the same time, blow air from the mouth to the mouth of the patient. When the chest wall of the patient is expanded, stop blowing, let the chest wall of the patient retract and exhale air. This is repeated about 12 times a minute.
3. Blow fast and forcefully. At this time, pay close attention to the patient's chest. If there is activity in the chest, stop blowing immediately. Turn the patient's head to one side and let him breathe out the air.
matters needing attention:
1. After each blow, the rescuer should turn his head towards the patient's chest to breathe fresh air.
2. After 4-5 times of artificial respiration, feel the artery. If there is no pulse, a heart massage must be performed at the same time.