What is the acute attack of hypertension?
In other words, hypertension emergency refers to the significant or sudden rise of blood pressure in patients with hypertension, and the special symptoms of brain, heart, kidney, retina and other important organs. Common hypertension emergency mainly includes hypertension encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left heart failure, kolanin acute drug withdrawal syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, acute malignant hypertension, etc Acute attack of hypertension accounts for 5% of the population with hypertension, so what if there is an acute attack of hypertension?
How to give first aid?
1, patients with sudden palpitation shortness of breath, sitting breathing state, lip cyanosis, limb movement failure, accompanied by pink foam like sputum, we should consider the acute left heart failure, we should tell patients to drop legs, take seats, such as oxygen bags, timely inhalation of oxygen, and quickly understand the emergency center.
2. Hypertension encephalopathy occurs when blood pressure suddenly rises, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, severe headache, panic, frequent urination and even blurred vision. Family members should comfort patients to relax, rest in bed, and take antihypertensive drugs in time, but also take diuretics, sedatives, etc.
3. After the patient is tired or excited, he / she will have angina, even myocardial infarction or acute heart failure, pain and chest distress in the precordial area, which extends to the neck, left shoulder back or upper limbs, with pale face and cold sweat. At this time, he / she should be told to rest quietly, take a nitroglycerin or a amyl nitrite, and inhale oxygen.
4. When the patients with high blood pressure come on, there will be cerebrovascular accidents. In addition to headache and vomiting, they may even have consciousness disorder or limb paralysis. At this time, the patients should lie on their back with their head leaning to one side to avoid consciousness disorder, or inhale the vomit into the airway when vomiting violently, and then inform the emergency center The above are the first aid methods for hypertension emergency. If there are patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases at home, they should prepare drugs as soon as possible, in case of emergency. At the same time, they should mobilize the whole family to learn some first aid knowledge and pay attention to the diet of some hypertension patients.
Nursing methods of hypertension
Self prevention
① measure blood pressure regularly, at least once in 1-2 weeks
The treatment of hypertension should adhere to three heart, that is, confidence, determination, perseverance. Only in this way can we prevent or delay the damage of important organs of the body.
③ take the antihypertensive drugs regularly, do not reduce or stop the drugs at will, and can be adjusted under the guidance of the doctor and the current condition, so as to prevent the blood pressure from jumping back
④ 4 if possible, you can prepare your own sphygmomanometer and learn to measure your own blood pressure
⑤ in addition to taking appropriate drugs, we should also pay attention to the combination of work and rest, diet, proper exercise, emotional stability and adequate sleep.
⑥ the elderly should not be too anxious to reduce blood pressure, and the blood pressure should be controlled at 140-159mmhg to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
The elderly and taking noradrenergic nerve endings blocker to prevent postural hypotension.
Moderate exercise
The importance of exercise to high blood pressure: there is a saying: 'when you are young, you can exchange health for money; when you are old, you can exchange exercise for health. In addition to promoting blood circulation and reducing cholesterol production, exercise can also enhance the occurrence of muscle, bone and joint stiffness. Exercise can increase appetite, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation and improve sleep. Have the habit of continuous exercise: it's best to do aerobic exercise to help. Aerobic exercise can reduce blood pressure as well as weight loss, such as walking, jogging, Taijiquan, cycling and swimming.
1. Precautions for sports
① don't overdo it or get too tired. Take a step-by-step approach to increase activity.
② pay attention to the surrounding climate: in summer, avoid the time when the sun shines at noon; in winter, keep warm and prevent stroke.
③ wear comfortable and sweat absorbing clothes: it is necessary to choose cotton materials, sports shoes, etc.
④ choose a safe place, such as a park or school, not near the roadway or road.
⑤ when exercising, do not eat on an empty stomach to avoid hypoglycemia. It should be 2 hours after meals.
2. Sports taboo
① stop exercising when you are sick or uncomfortable.
Do not exercise when you are hungry or one hour after meals.
③ do not stop immediately during the movement, and follow the steps of the movement procedure.
④ any discomfort in the movement shall be stopped immediately.