Hypertension is not only a self-supporting disease, but also a major risk factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which leads to the injury of heart, brain, kidney and other major organs and the attack of related diseases. The rarest ones are stroke, myocardial infarction and renal failure. There are several first aid methods for patients with hypertension:
1. After being tired or excited, the patient has angina, even myocardial infarction or acute heart failure. The precordial pain and chest tightness extend to the neck, left shoulder back or upper limbs. The face is pale and sweaty. At this time, the patient should be told to rest quietly, take a piece of nitroglycerin, and inhale oxygen.
2. Hypertension encephalopathy occurs when blood pressure suddenly rises, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, severe headache, panic, frequent urination and even blurred vision. Family members should comfort patients to relax, rest in bed, and take antihypertensive drugs in time, but also take diuretics, sedatives, etc.
3, patients with sudden palpitation shortness of breath, sitting breathing state, lip cyanosis, limb movement failure, accompanied by pink foam like sputum, should consider the acute left heart failure, should be told patients with legs droop, take a seat, such as oxygen bags, timely inhalation of oxygen, and quickly dial 120.
4. When the patients with high blood pressure come on, there will be cerebrovascular accidents. In addition to headache and vomiting, they may even have consciousness disorder or limb paralysis. At this time, the patients should lie on their back, with their head leaning to one side, so as not to inhale the vomit into the airway when they vomit violently, and then inform the emergency center.
How to eat in high blood pressure
1. Diet should be light
Vegetarianism can reduce the blood pressure of patients with hypertension. Patients with hypertension should eat more coarse grains, miscellaneous grains, fresh vegetables and fruits, bean products, lean meat, fish, chicken and other food, less animal fat and greasy food, less sugar, strong tea, coffee and other stimulating food.
2. Limit salt
Controlling the intake of sodium salt is conducive to lowering and stabilizing blood pressure. In the diet, cooking salt should be reduced, and the daily intake per person should not exceed 6G. Eat foods rich in potassium and calcium but low in sodium. Foods rich in potassium include potatoes, taro, eggplant, lettuce, kelp, winter melon, watermelon, citrus, etc. Calcium rich foods include: milk, yogurt, shrimp skin, sesame paste, green vegetables, etc.
3. Quit smoking and alcohol
Tobacco and alcohol are risk factors of hypertension. People who are addicted to tobacco and alcohol are more likely to have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of hypertension, and tobacco and alcohol can reduce the sensitivity of hypertension patients to drugs.
4. Diet should be controlled
Three meals a day should be regular and quantitative. Don't overeat. It's better to eat at eight points. High blood pressure patients should eat some foods that can reduce blood pressure, such as Auricularia auricula, water chestnut, celery, gourd, mung bean, watermelon peel, lotus seed heart, etc.