If you know some common sense of first aid, you may not panic so much, but you can also solve the problem and minimize the harm. Here is a summary of some first aid tips, hoping to help you.
1. Nose bleeding
Do it now: lean forward a little, hold your nose for 5-15 minutes, or press an ice bag on the bridge of your nose.
Don't do it: lean your head back (bleeding is easy to swallow, may choke into the lungs, causing danger).
When to seek medical treatment: 20 minutes can not stop nosebleed; accompanied by headache, dizziness, tinnitus or visual problems.
2. Foreign body in eye
Do it immediately: blink more times to get the foreign matter out. If not, hold the eyelids and rinse the eyes with tap water.
Don't do it: rub your eyes (even small foreign bodies can scratch your cornea and cause infection).
When to seek medical treatment: chemicals such as bleach are splashed into the eyes; after washing, the eyes are still tingling, swelling or unclear.
3, sprain
Do it now: change the ice pack every 20 minutes. Wrap the injured joint with elastic bandage, raise the injured part, and do not move for at least 24 hours. After that, hot compress to promote the blood circulation of the affected area.
Don't do: work with injuries (which can lead to more serious injuries, such as ligament tears).
When to seek medical advice: if the injury does not improve after a few days, it may be a fracture, muscle or ligament tear, you should seek medical advice immediately.
4. Burns
Do it immediately: rinse the burn area with cold water, or cold compress with wet towel. The first level injury (skin reddening) or the second level injury (blistering) can be loosely bandaged. Don't do it: put the ice bag on the burn (ice will damage the skin and aggravate the injury); prick the blister or apply antibiotics on the burn (easy to cause infection).
When to seek medical advice: the second degree burn area is larger than the size of the palm; the third degree burn (burn and burn of the skin), electric burn, chemical burn, and the patient's cough, tears or breathing difficulties.
5. Head hit
Do it immediately: if the injured person is unconscious, call the emergency call immediately; if the injured part is bleeding, do temporary hemostasis, but follow the doctor's instructions, because there may be internal brain injury; small head mass can be cold packed with ice bags.
Don't do it: leave the injured alone, especially when they are asleep. The right way is to wake him up every 3-4 hours, ask him to answer some simple questions, and make sure he doesn't hurt his brain.
When to seek medical advice: the injured person has spasm, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.
6. Suffocation
Do it now: call emergency immediately. If the patient is over 1 year old, he can lean forward and clap his hands between his shoulder blades 5 times. If the patient does not lie down, place one fist above the navel, hold the fist with the other hand, and press up and down 5 times.
Don't do it: when a patient coughs, let them drink or eat.
7. Poisoning
Do it immediately: if the patient is unconscious or has difficulty breathing, call the emergency number immediately. Be sure to say clearly what is poisoning, time and dosage, patient's age and weight, etc.
Don't do it: use the emetic easily; give the patient something to eat or drink.
8. Trauma
Do it immediately: use gauze to compress the wound to stop bleeding. For minor cuts or scratches, wash with soapy water, apply a layer of Vaseline or antibiotic ointment, and then wrap it with a band aid.
Don't do it: clean the large, deep and bleeding wounds; pull out the punctures on the wounds easily.
When to seek medical advice: there are foreign bodies such as nails in the wound; the wound is deep with fever and swelling.