Introduction to photography 10 photography tips for novices
4hw.org: Nowadays, smart phones are becoming more and more popular, and the quality of mobile cameras is becoming higher and higher, which greatly reduces the standard of taking photos. Everyone can take photos with their mobile phones, but it's not so easy to take good-looking photos. Let's take a look at photography with Xiaobian. It's necessary to have common sense!
1. white balance
In short, white balance is the ability of the camera to distinguish white and adjust automatically. Because different light sources have different color temperature, the camera needs to have a light source color temperature as a reference to output normal color photos. For example, if you take a picture in a restaurant with yellow light, you will take a picture with yellow color. At this time, you need to adjust the white balance to make the goal of the picture present the original color. The camera's built-in manual white balance usually includes several common color temperature environments, such as sunlight, shadow, tungsten filament lamp, fluorescent lamp, etc. it uses the cloudy mode when it is cloudy, and uses the sunshine mode when it is outdoors in the sun.
2. shutter
The shutter is like our blinking action. The photographer can adjust the blinking speed as needed to control the exposure time of the photo. The faster the shutter speed is, the shorter the exposure time is and the darker the photo is. The slower the shutter speed is, the longer the exposure time is and the brighter the photo is The shutter speed is in seconds, usually from 1 / 8000 to 30 seconds. A shutter with a speed of more than 1 / 125 seconds is a high-speed shutter, while a shutter with a speed of less than 1 / 30 seconds is a slow shutter. When shooting dynamic pictures, such as running, sports and competitions, you need to use a high-speed shutter to capture the instant photos of the action; when shooting night scenes, light tracks and other images that need a long time exposure, you can use a slow shutter.
3.ISO
Sensitivity (ISO) refers to the sensitivity of the sensitive components, generally ranging from ISO 100 to ISO 6400. The most important function of setting ISO is to shoot in low light environment without using tripod. But the higher the ISO, the brighter the photo, the coarser the particles. The image presented with low ISO will be more detailed, but it will take a longer time to expose the image correctly. It is recommended to use a high ISO for portrait or dynamic shooting, and a low ISO for still life and landscape shooting.
4. aperture
Aperture is an adjustable hole in the lens, just like the pupil of the human eye, which controls the amount of light entering through enlarging or reducing. The aperture value is expressed as F / #, where f / # = f / d. F is the focal length, D is the aperture diameter, X is the number. The smaller the number, the larger the aperture, the more blurred the background; otherwise, the larger the number, the smaller the aperture, the clearer the background. The background of a picture taken under a large aperture will be blurred, which is called shallow depth of field and is often used to highlight the subject. And the photos taken in a small aperture will make the picture more detailed, which is often used for taking landscape photos.
5. depth of field
The English abbreviation of depth of field is DOF, which refers to the relatively clear imaging range of the camera before and after the focus. The main factors affecting DOF are aperture, focal length and focusing distance. The closer the focus distance is, the shallower the depth of field is. It is suitable for close-up shooting. The farther the focus distance is, the deeper the depth of field is, and the larger the clear range is. It is often used to shoot landscapes.
6.P、A、S、M
On the top of the camera, you will see the four English letters, P, a, s, m, and auto. They are different shooting modes and have different functions.
Auto - fully automatic: just press to shoot, just like the function of a fool's camera P (program AE mode) - Automatic: EV value can be adjusted, and brightness can be adjusted through + 1| - 1 A (aperture priority) - aperture prerequisite: large aperture for portrait, small aperture for landscape S (shutter priority) - shutter priority: fast shutter for dynamic condensation, slow shutter for fireworks or waterfalls. M (manual) - full manual: aperture shutter is adjusted by experience.
7. Use the rule of thirds
When we see something interesting and want to take pictures, the basic composition is to focus on the middle of the picture. This composition is not bad, but if you want to make the picture more attractive, you can try different composition techniques. One of the most classic composition techniques is the trisection method. When you turn on the grid line function, you will see that the lens cuts the upper, lower and left sides of the picture into three parts and four lines (two straight lines and two horizontal lines). As long as you focus on any intersection point, the picture will become more harmonious and attractive, which is more beautiful than the picture that focuses on the middle.
8. Center of interest
The central point of interest is to focus on something interesting. If the photo doesn't have these center points, people will usually quickly pass your photo. The first step to taking an attractive picture is to decide your goal. What is the picture you want to present in your mind? When others look at your photos, what do you want them to notice? All these questions need to be considered in your mind before you pick up your camera to focus, so that you can take a picture that you are satisfied with and get twice the result with half the effort. If you are a novice, it is suggested to learn from others' works to stimulate your own inspiration.
9. blank
Blank is not a simple blank, but a method of composition. Color contrast, cold and warm contrast, light and shade contrast are all photography skills, and the method of leaving blank composition is also a method of contrast. The rich subject and the minimalist background are strongly contrasted and collided. Such a composition method can effectively highlight the theme and attract people's attention.
10. The right position to hold the camera
If the posture of the hand-held camera is not good and the center of gravity is not stable, the body is easy to move, which will seriously affect the clarity and quality of the photo. The correct position for holding the camera is to hold the right half of the camera with your right hand, put your index finger on the shutter key, put your thumb on the back of the camera, and flex the other three fingers around the handle. Then put your left hand under the lens to support the weight of the fuselage.