Children who are weak and sickly are easy to catch diseases. Their parents are also worried all day. Pertussis is one of them. What are the symptoms of pertussis? What can be concluded that the child has pertussis? Let's get to know with Xiaobian.
Symptoms of pertussis
Mainly persistent cough, especially in children.
1. Pertussis is an acute respiratory disease caused by pertussis bacilli. During the disease, patients will have intermittent spasmodic cough. As the illness gets worse, the cough will get worse and worse.
2. At the end of each cough, the patient inhales for a long time and makes a sharp cock like sound. If no active treatment is given, the disease will last for about 100 days, hence the name.
3. The disease is highly contagious and can occur in a wide range. Especially for infants, it is very easy to get sick. Once the disease is more serious than adults, it is easy to cause pneumonia and other complicated diseases, and the mortality is very high.
4. Inflammation of respiratory mucosa, on the one hand, produces a large number of sticky secretions, which are harmful to cilia; on the other hand, these secretions will stimulate the end of respiratory nerve, send signals to the cough center of cerebral cortex, and stimulate cough. So even if the condition recovers, crying may cause a relapse.
Can pertussis spread to adults
Can infect, adults and children can infect.
1. Pertussis is mainly transmitted through the air, mainly through the droplets discharged by patients or respiratory secretions in the air, while the pollutants in contact with patients rarely occur infection. Pertussis bacilli are not easy to survive in the external environment. They can only grow and reproduce in the upper respiratory tract mucosa and spread with droplets.
2. Pertussis is mainly transmitted by droplets when coughing. It is possible to inhale pathogens within 2m around the patient. Pertussis bacilli die quickly in vitro, so it is rarely transmitted indirectly through clothing, utensils and so on. So pertussis germs are spread through saliva. As long as parents can avoid touching their children's saliva, they will not be infected.
3. There are many causes of cough, involving respiratory system, otolaryngology, digestion and other diseases. The common people lack of understanding of chronic cough, which is often mistaken for chronic bronchitis and pharyngitis. Many patients cough all the year round, and the therapeutic effect of taking a variety of antibiotics is not obvious, resulting in the misdiagnosis and mistreatment of chronic cough. Long term chronic cough cannot be simply attributed to pertussis.
4. Many patients cough all the year round, take a variety of antibiotics treatment effect is not obvious, cause chronic cough misdiagnosis and mistreatment, can not simply attribute long-term chronic cough to pertussis.
How to prevent pertussis
1. Passive immunization: intramuscular injection of high titer immunoglobulin 1.25ml, once every other day, three to five times in a row, can reduce symptoms.
2. Drug prevention: erythromycin and compound Xinnuoming can be used for prevention of children who have no immunity and have a history of pertussis contact for 7-10 days.
3. The first thing to do is vaccinate. The country has free vaccination programs. Every baby has the right to receive the vaccine from birth. Free vaccinations include pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. Timely vaccinations can effectively prevent pertussis.
4. At home, we should do a good job of indoor ventilation. In addition to opening more windows in sunny days, we can also have more sun exposure on the bedding to reduce the growth of bacteria. In addition, male friends had better not smoke indoors. With the air flowing and fresh, the baby will have less chance of pertussis.
5. To control the source of infection in the epidemic season, all confirmed patients should be immediately isolated to 40 days after the disease, or isolated to 30 days after spasm and cough. Contact should be closely observed for at least 3 weeks, if there are prodromal symptoms should be early antibiotic treatment.