A lot of people have never heard of fava bean disease, and they don't know what it is. Today, I'm going to give you a general introduction of fava bean disease, the causes of fava bean disease, and the prevention of fava bean disease. If you want to know about it, you can have a look.
1、 What is broad bean disease
Broad bean disease is a very uncommon disease, most of which occurs in the south of the Yangtze River. Broad bean disease is a kind of disease caused by the people who lack the hereditary red blood cell phosphoglucose dehydrogenase after eating broad bean, so it is called broad bean disease. However, most of fava bean diseases occur in the mature season of fava bean. In other seasons, such diseases generally do not occur.
Patients usually get sick within 24-48 hours after eating broad beans, presenting with acute intravascular hemolysis, general malaise, fever, nausea, vomiting, rapid anemia, jaundice, hemoglobinuria, and severe hemolysis with shock, oliguria, anuria, acidosis and acute renal failure. It is not related to the quantity of fava bean. Sometimes it is difficult to eat 1-2 fava bean. Sometimes it can be caused by inhalation or contact with fava bean pollen. Sometimes it can also be caused by milk even if the mother eats fava bean. Most of the anemia degree and symptoms of this disease are very serious. The symptoms of general cases lasted for 2-6 days. If anemia, anoxia and electrolyte imbalance are not corrected in time, it can lead to death; but if it is treated in time, it can get rid of the danger and recover. In low incidence areas, the disease is easy to be ignored and missed. Up to now, there is no specific medicine for radical cure. After the onset of the disease, it is mainly based on the symptomatic treatment of the disease, which requires patients with broad bean disease to avoid the factors induced by contact at ordinary times.
2、 Symptoms of fava bean disease
1. In the early stage, there were cold, slight fever, dizziness, lassitude and weakness, lack of appetite, abdominal pain, followed by jaundice, anemia, hemoglobinuria, the urine was sauce color, then the temperature increased, the lassitude and weakness increased, lasting for about 3 days.
2. The appearance of broad bean disease is usually accompanied by hemolytic anemia, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and liver function abnormality. When the patient's condition is serious, it can lead to coma and convulsion. If the first aid is not timely, it will lead to death.
3. Most of the patients developed from 1 to 2 days after eating broad beans. The early symptoms were anorexia, fatigue, low fever, nausea, and uncertain abdominal pain. Then, due to hemolysis, yellow corner of the eyes and jaundice occurred, and soy sauce colored urine and anemia appeared. In severe cases, there were urine mass, shock, heart function and renal failure, and in severe hypoxia, there were fixed deviation of both eyes.
3、 The cause of broad bean disease
Fava bean disease often occurs in early summer, and is found in southwest, South, East and North China, with Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi as the most. So what are the main causes of fava bean disease? A comprehensive understanding of this disease can better prevent it in the bud and reduce the harm of fava bean disease to the body.
Broad bean disease is a disease caused by the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD). It is characterized by acute intravascular hemolysis that occurs suddenly after eating fresh broad bean under the condition of the defect of genetic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD). The acute hemolytic anaemia, Vicia faba disease, occurs in people with genetic defects of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in red blood cells after eating fresh Vicia faba or contacting with Vicia faba pollen. The pathogenesis of this disease has not been fully understood. It is known that sensitive red blood cells with genetic defects can not provide enough NADPH to maintain the reducibility (antioxidant effect) of reduced glutathione (GSH) due to the defect of G6PD. After encountering some factors of Vicia faba seeds, the membrane of red blood cells is oxidized to produce hemolytic reaction. G-6-PD can protect normal red blood cells from oxidative damage. Fresh broad bean is a strong oxidant. When G-6-PD is deficient, red blood cells will be destroyed and cause disease.
According to experts, as long as you don't eat broad bean food or eat less broad bean, you can avoid suffering from broad bean disease. But it is not suitable to eat broad bean in the patients with hereditary red blood cell deficiency, dyspepsia and uremia.
4、 Precautions against broad bean disease
1. Keep away from the place where fava bean is planted and avoid contact with Fava pollen
2. The occurrence of fava bean disease is closely related to heredity. Some of the family members who have had the disease should not eat fava bean and its products
3. In the areas with high incidence of G-6-PD deficiency, population G-6-PD deficiency survey was conducted
4. Those who have had fava bean disease in the past or known to have G-6-PD deficiency should avoid eating fava bean and its products, and avoid taking drugs with oxidation effect