4hw.com.cn: in June, the scientific rumor list was announced. In June 2018, there were five rumor lists. Can sound wave repel mosquitoes? Can energy drink 'refreshing and anti fatigue' be free to drink?... let's have a look.
1. Can sound waves repel mosquitoes?
Gossip
This summer's popular mosquito repellent mobile phone software and 'acoustic mosquito repellent' use the principle of acoustic wave mosquito repellent, which has a better mosquito repellent effect.
Truth
The vibration frequency of mosquito wings is in the range of 250-1000 times per second. The specific frequency is related to the species of mosquitoes, and the values of different species of mosquitoes are different. So even if a certain frequency band of sound waves can really drive out a certain mosquito, it can't be effective for all mosquitoes.
In fact, foreign scholars have tested three different frequency bands of ultrasonic mosquito repellent equipment, the results show that these equipment can not effectively drive mosquitoes. The United States Federal Trade Commission and the National Environmental Protection Agency have conducted a rigorous review of ultrasonic insect repellent products, and the results show that there is no evidence that these devices are effective.
As for the so-called mobile phone anti mosquito app that can send out ultrasound, it's a big joke. These app software can't release ultrasound at all. The buzz of APP software for mosquito repellent is not the same as the release of ultrasound. Most people's ears can't hear ultrasound at all. Back ten thousand steps, if the ultrasonic electronic mosquito repeller is really effective, people have to accept ultrasonic for a long time in order to prevent mosquitoes, which is very harmful to human health. As for the 'buzz' from mobile phones, otolaryngologists say that when the human ear is in such a monotonous sound for a long time, it is easy to produce fidgety and physiological discomfort, and even lead to tinnitus.
2. Energy drinks' refreshing and anti fatigue 'can be drunk at will
Gossip
A wide variety of energy drinks can not only quench thirst and replenish physical strength, but also refresh the mind and make the mind become agile.
Truth
At present, there are many kinds of energy drinks on the market with different tastes, but their ingredients are generally similar, mainly including taurine, vitamin B6 and B12, niacinamide and caffeine. Among them, due to the addictive nature of caffeine, the consumption of beverages is strictly controlled by the state.
In fact, after the intervention of caffeine and other substances, the brain doesn't really get the signal of "no longer tired", but the result of a large amount of adrenaline produced by hormones - adrenaline makes our heart beat faster, blood pressure higher, blood flow in muscles higher, blood flow in skin and viscera lower, causing the liver to release glucose to the blood.
Therefore, the disputes and doubts about energy drinks have never stopped. And as early as 2014, the World Health Organization warned that energy drinks could be 'harmful to public health'.
Researchers from the Travis Air Force Base Medical Center in California found that energy drinks had more significant effects on cardiac electrophysiological activity and blood pressure by comparing the changes of an energy drink and a coffee drink containing 320 mg caffeine in human body. In addition, the study also showed that after drinking two kinds of drinks, the blood pressure will rise (systolic pressure), but after drinking coffee drinks for six hours, the blood pressure will recover, while the energy drinks have 'Yuwei' after six hours, and the blood pressure will rise slightly.
This shows that energy drinks contain medicinal grade caffeine and extra caffeine from natural sources, which may cause heart rate acceleration and blood pressure rise. Excessive caffeine may also cause side effects involving nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems. Therefore, don't drink energy drinks as ordinary drinks. You should follow the principle of "moderate amount" when drinking energy drinks, and drink them properly according to personal physical conditions when necessary. In addition, children, pregnant women and nursing mothers are not suitable for drinking.
3. Is' safe cigarette 'really safe?
Gossip
The 'safety cigarette' with longer filter tip, the cigarette with low tar content and light taste can reduce the harm to human body, and the smokers can smoke at ease.
Truth
When the cigarette burns, it can produce more than 4000 kinds of chemicals, including nicotine, tar and other carcinogens. But after lengthening the filter, it will not reduce the production of carcinogens such as aldehydes, organophosphorus, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and so on, only reduce the tar content. Not only that, the lengthening of filter tip will lead to incomplete combustion of cigarettes, resulting in the increase of CO content and increased risk to health.
There is no scientific basis for saying that "low tar content can reduce the harm". Medical research shows that when smoking low tar cigarettes, smokers tend to inhale the smoke into the deep lung, which increases the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, it is a bit of self deception to choose to smoke cigarettes with low tar content, without reducing the harm at all.
As for light flavor cigarettes, their particles are much smaller than ordinary cigarettes, and small particles are easier to enter human lungs. It can be imagined that the harm of light flavor cigarettes is not less than ordinary cigarettes.
There is no safe cigarette in the world. Smoking is harmful to health. Only quitting smoking is the fundamental way to reduce the probability of illness. Therefore, cherish health and keep away from tobacco.
4. Crawfish carry many kinds of parasites, which are easy to cause 'hav's disease'
Gossip
As crayfish live in sewage, they carry many parasites, which may lead to many diseases including rhabdomyolysis.
Truth
Haff's disease is a kind of rhabdomyolysis with unknown cause, which happens occasionally in the world. The disease was first reported in Europe in 1924, similar cases were reported in Sweden in 1932, and scattered reports were also reported in the United States, Brazil, Japan and other regions.
In China, Nanjing once had a case. From July to September 2010, a total of 23 patients were diagnosed with HAV disease. The common characteristics are as follows: 1. The patients have eaten aquatic products, such as pomfret, salmon, etc.; 2. The patients have obvious symptoms such as fatigue and muscle ache; 3. Laboratory examination shows that the patients' creatine kinase is significantly increased.
As for the specific causes of HAV's disease, there is no clear answer at present, but the patients usually get sick within 24 hours after eating the aquatic products, and there is no obvious rule in addition. In addition to eating crayfish, there have been similar cases of eating sea fish and freshwater fish.
As for parasites, crawfish may carry parasites, but this is not its patent. Other aquatic organisms can also carry parasites, such as frogs, snails, shellfish, fish, water chestnut, etc.
The key to prevent parasitosis is to cook the food thoroughly, especially do not eat raw or half cooked crawfish. Some places like to eat drunk shrimp, which is risky. Wine can kill bacteria but not necessarily parasites. The safe way is to cook at 100 ℃ for more than 10 minutes.
5. Patients with gout should not eat beans
Gossip
Purines in high protein foods such as soybeans and soy products are higher than those in gout patients.
Truth
If we only look at dry soybeans, the purine content of dry soybeans is indeed not low. The purine content of every 100g of dry soybeans is close to 200mg. However, compared with the real high purine food, the purine in soybean is lower. For example, the internal organs of animals, common liver, waist, heart, brain, pancreas, etc. in these foods, the purine content of every 100 grams is generally more than 200 mg, the kidney of pigs is more than 300 mg, and the liver of pigs is also close to 300 mg.
And we seldom eat dry soybeans directly, usually made into soymilk, tofu or cooked. In the process of soybean soaking and absorbing water, some purines will dissolve in the water. And from soybeans to soymilk or boiled soybeans, the water content should also be greatly increased, so that the purine content in 100g soybean products is greatly reduced. For example, tofu usually contains less than 70 mg of purine per 100 g, while cooked soybeans contain less than 50 mg. That's not a lot.
From the current research, gout patients can eat beans. In 2011, six epidemiological surveys were collected, none of which showed that the consumption of soy products was related to high uric acid or gout. In clinical research, the consumption of soy protein will increase the uric acid in plasma, but the increase is very small, which has no clinical value. The conclusion of the paper is that, based on the existing clinical and epidemiological evidence, it does not support the legend that eating soy products will lead to gout.
In fact, plant protein and animal protein have different effects on gout patients. At present, many studies have found that plant protein can also help reduce the risk of uric acid. In general, people with gout or high uric acid can eat bean curd, drink soy milk and other bean products. Plant protein, eggs and milk are good sources of protein for gout patients.