4hw.com.cn: in daily life, people often have negative emotions, such as sadness, depression and sadness. So how to distinguish sadness and depression? What are the symptoms of depression? What to do when you are sad?
The difference between sadness and depression
1. There are many similarities between the two
Short term sadness and long-term depression have many similar symptoms, so it is not easy to distinguish them. For a long time, mental health workers have been arguing on this issue. Many people think that the definition of "major depression" is too broad, and it is easy to attribute ordinary sadness to morbid. In the United States, all trained clinicians have to spend a lot of time making sure that the diagnosis of depression is valid and cannot be explained by ordinary depression.
2. Time is very important
For sadness and depression, time is the most obvious distinguishing factor, that is, the length of time to experience symptoms. If the symptoms haven't been relieved for more than two weeks, you need to consult a professional - the so-called symptoms refer to feeling sad or grumpy, accompanied by cognitive (thinking) changes, which seriously affect your life. Everyone has a bad time, but it's worth worrying for more than two weeks.
4. Sadness is common, so is depression
For many people, depression is just a manifestation of pain, which doesn't mean they have any essential problems. Stage depression is different from mental illness. In the United States, 16.2 million adults have had major depression - that is, depression is very common. So don't worry about being 'different' from others, let alone delaying treatment.
3. Depression is usually severe with various symptoms
The peculiarity of depression lies in its intensity and variety of symptoms. In other words, the patient will have a lot of symptoms, and there is no sign of relief.
People know from the movies and TV plays that depression patients will feel tired, sad and cry frequently. But in addition, there are many other symptoms of depression, including: difficult to make decisions; excessive or insufficient sleep; a long time to sleep, waking up feeling exhausted; feeling hopeless; frequently blaming yourself. Many patients describe depression as' clear and uninteresting 'or' insensitive '. In the diagnosis of depression, in addition to sadness and depression, the above factors need to be considered.
And the intensity of the symptoms. If the symptoms are very strong, for example, you can't imagine that you can get back to good condition and have suicidal thoughts, you may have severe depression. In a short period of sadness, people will sometimes feel relieved - they can enjoy what they love and feel better in the future. And for depressed patients, there is no such moment of relief.
Symptoms of depression
1. Depression
The main manifestations were significant and lasting depression, depression and pessimism. Those who are light are unhappy, unhappy, and interested in less, while those who are heavy are miserable, pessimistic and desperate, living like a year, and living like death. The depressive mood of typical patients has the rhythm change of heavy morning and light night. On the basis of low mood, patients will have a reduced self-evaluation, a sense of uselessness, hopelessness, helplessness and worthlessness, often accompanied by self accusation and self guilt. In serious cases, they will have delusions of guilt and hypochondriasis, and some patients may have hallucinations.
2. Slow thinking
Patients have slow thinking and association, slow response, blocked thinking, and consciously 'brain is like a rusty machine' and 'brain is like a layer of paste'. Clinically, it can be seen that the active speech is reduced, the speed of speech is obviously slowed down, the voice is low, and it is difficult to answer. In serious cases, the communication cannot be carried out smoothly.
3. Decrease of will activity
The patient's will activity was inhibited significantly and persistently. Clinical manifestations are slow behavior, passive life, laziness, do not want to work, do not want to contact with people around, often sitting alone, or lying in bed all day, living alone, alienating relatives and friends, avoiding social contact. When it is serious, even eating, drinking and other physiological needs and personal hygiene are ignored. It is unkempt and untidy, and even develops into silence, immobility and non eating, which is called 'depressive stupor'. However, after careful mental examination, the patients still show pain and depression. Patients with anxiety may have symptoms such as restlessness, finger grasping, rubbing hands and feet, or pacing up and down. Severe patients are often accompanied by negative suicidal ideas or behaviors.
4. Cognitive impairment
It is believed that cognitive impairment exists in patients with depression. It is mainly manifested in memory decline, attention disorder, response time extension, increased alertness, poor abstract thinking ability, learning difficulties, poor language fluency, spatial perception, eye hand coordination and thinking flexibility. Cognitive impairment leads to social dysfunction and long-term prognosis.
5. Physical symptoms
There are mainly sleep disorders, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, constipation, pain in any part of the body, hypolibido, impotence, amenorrhea, etc. Body complaints of body discomfort can involve various organs, such as nausea, vomiting, panic, chest tightness, sweating, etc. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction are also common. The main complaint of pre disease physical disease is usually aggravated. Sleep disorders are mainly manifested as early wake-up, generally 2-3 hours earlier than usual, and can no longer sleep after waking up, which has a characteristic significance for depression. Some patients have difficulty in falling asleep, but not deep sleep; a few patients have too much sleep. Weight loss is not necessarily proportional to anorexia, a small number of patients may have increased appetite, weight gain.
What to do when you are sad
Cry and release yourself
When you meet something that makes you sad and sad, many times people think that crying can't solve the problem, but crying out can release your pressure and relieve your emotions. Cry as much as you like. Don't think it's such a shame to cry. Everyone has a weak side. Crying doesn't mean you're not strong.
Family company
When I am sad, I need my family to accompany me. No matter when, family is always our strong support. No matter what you do wrong, you will get the understanding of your family. Especially their parents, they are the most willing to accompany you and help you.
Find someone who knows how to listen and tell their feelings
When we are sad, especially when we need friends to comfort us, we can find a friend who knows how to listen to us and tell us something about ourselves. It should be noted here that if the friend you are looking for knows how to listen, it will comfort people and not the kind of person with a big mouth.
Vent by eating
Some people are used to venting themselves by eating after encountering unpleasant things. Although little fish do not agree with this way to release themselves, but it is a way to be considered.
Exercise up
Exercise can also release their own pressure. When we are sad and sad, go to exercise, but it's better not to exercise excessively. Excessive exercise may hurt us, which makes us sad and sad even more. Don't let the way you release yourself backfire.
Music starts
It has to be said that music is really a good thing. Happy time can make us happier, sad time can heal our mood. So, when we are sad and sad, let's enjoy the music and follow the music.
Go out for a walk
When I am sad, I can travel with my friends. Walking to a strange place always makes us forget the sad things. Slowly out of the bad mood, regain their confidence, where to fall, where to get up.