What's the difference between EMU and HSR?
4hw.org: among the "four new inventions" in China, high-speed rail also ranks among them. In recent ten years, the development speed of China's high-speed rail has shocked the world, far surpassing the accumulation of foreign countries for a hundred years. So many small partners will encounter doubts when they buy tickets. Is the bullet train and high-speed rail the same thing? What's the difference between bullet train and high-speed rail? Let's take a look at it together!
D-shaped bullet trains, G-shaped high-speed bullet trains, C-shaped intercity high-speed & hellip; & hellip; these are all the trains running at a speed of more than 200km / h on the Chinese railway. Three types of trains often make many friends very confused.
Strictly speaking, the motor car is the train type, and the high-speed railway is the type of railway line.
EMU refers to the type of train. It is a unique name in China, which is different from the previous ordinary train. In general, the ordinary train is pulled by locomotive, and the carriage itself does not have power; while the EMU carriage itself has power. When running, not only driven by the locomotive, but also the carriage will 'run by itself', so that the power can be dispersed and the running speed can be faster. At the same time, compared with ordinary trains, the vibration and noise of EMUs are smaller. Therefore, the EMU is different from the ordinary train.
At present, in China, there are CRH1, CRH2, CRH3, chr5, crh6, crh380 and other different models of EMUs (there is no crh4, because '4' is the homophony of 'dead', which is considered unlucky; there are small divisions under each model, such as crh1a, crh1b, etc.; crh6 has not been officially put into operation), the Chinese name is harmony, and the English name is CRH, which is the abbreviation of 'China Railways high speed'. In fact, no matter in China's' high-speed rail line 'or in the so-called' bullet train line ', all the cars run are bullet train sets. The difference lies in the different models: CRH1, CRH2 (except CRH2C) and chr5 are all 200 km models, with the designed operating speed of 200 km / h and the maximum operating speed of 250 km / h; CRH2C, CRH3 and crh380 are 300 km models In addition, the designed operation speed is about 350km / h, with a maximum of 380km / h.
Therefore, motor car refers to the type of car, while high-speed railway is the type of railway line. Strictly speaking, they are not the same concept. However, in China, bullet trains and high-speed rail refer to different types of railway lines.
Current definition of the Ministry of Railways:
The motor car refers to the railway line with the speed of 200 km / h; the high-speed railway refers to the railway line with the speed of 300 km / h.
China's current railway route map (red for 300km / h-350km level; yellow for 200km / h-250km / H level & lt; new line & gt; orange for 200km / h-250km / H level & lt; existing line reconstruction & gt; white for & lt; 200km / h common line; blue for maglev)
In China, there are three types of railway lines with a speed of more than 200km / h, namely: EMU (the first letter of "d" for train number, the first letter of "move" in Pinyin), high-speed EMU (the first letter of "g" for train number, the first letter of "high") and intercity high-speed railway (the first letter of "C" for train number, the first letter of "city"). In terms of speed, EMUs are of 200km / H level, while high-speed EMUs and intercity high-speed are of 300km / H level.
Rail difference: one is ballasted, the other is Ballastless
There is no small stone in ballastless track. Generally speaking, the bullet train is on the ballasted railway and the high-speed railway is on the ballastless railway.
Hardware difference: difference between train control equipment and monitoring equipment
The choice of models of bullet trains and high-speed rail is different. Even if they are also running on the Beijing Shanghai high-speed rail, the models of D and G vehicles must be different. Generally speaking, high-speed rail uses higher speed vehicles, so the safety requirements are higher, for example, the performance requirements of bogie and windshield are higher.
Central nervous system differences: - different train operation control systems
Recently, the train control system has attracted much attention. This system is called the central nervous system of the train, which is responsible for the communication signal and dispatching of the train, that is to say, it is very important to avoid rear end collision. CTCs system (China train operation control system) is installed on the Chinese bullet trains, referring to the European ETCS standard. The difference is that the level of CTCS-2 is used for lines with a speed of 200 km / h, while the level of CTCS-3 is used for lines with a speed of 300 km / h, that is, the level of CTCS-2 is used for motor cars, and the level of CTCS-3 is used for high-speed rail.
There may be problems with the machinery and equipment, but there is a final 'man-made trump card' -- ring pier, whether it is a bullet train or a high-speed railway. This is a kind of black signal bomb used on the railway. If the driver can't get in touch with the dispatcher, he can run to the back of the car and put this thing at a certain distance. When the back car passes over the ring pier, it will make a huge noise. Through the noise, it will remind the train that there is danger in front of it and must stop. It is reported that although the technology has improved, this ancient signal method has not been abandoned. However, in several serious train accidents, no ring pier has been used.