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Analysis of the political hot spots in 2018 college entrance examination

What are the social hot issues in 2018 college entrance examination politics? What are the examination focuses of current affairs and politics? If you're not quick, it's light. Hurry to follow Xiaobian to comb it again.

The political and political hot spots of 2018 college entrance examination mainly include nine directions:

(1) Five development concepts

(2) Supply side structural reform

(3) The construction of socialist rule of law

(four) creative transformation and innovative development of excellent traditional culture

(5) New conclusions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (four new)

(6) The basic spirit of the 2017 central economic work conference -- to achieve high quality development

(7) The basic spirit of the Central Rural Work Conference

(8) The main content of the national "two sessions" in 2018 -- Amendment of the Constitution

(9) The main contents of the national "two sessions" in 2018 -- deepening the reform of the party and state institutions

Be sure to look before the exam! Pay attention to the analysis inside, seize the last time, analyze more and understand more, strive for the familiar questions in the college entrance examination, and get high scores!

Political and political hot spots and analysis of 2018 college entrance examination (1) five development concepts

Background: in October 2015, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that we should firmly establish and implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, opening and sharing in order to achieve the development goals of the 13th Five Year Plan period, solve the development problems and plant the development advantages. This is a profound change related to the overall development of our country.

Top students: solid foundation and steady progress

Performance:

1. technological innovation: Internet plus, artificial intelligence, new four inventions, and manufacturing power.

2. Cultural Innovation: creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture

3. ideological innovation: Xi Jinping's socialist ideology with China's characteristics in the new era

4. System innovation: property right system (mixed reform of state-owned enterprises, separation of three powers), distribution system (improvement of treatment of technical workers, reform of individual income tax), reform of Party and state institutions

[problem cutting in] take 'four new inventions' as an example

1. The impact of mobile payment on the traditional banking industry (how to deal with the challenges)

2. Successful development of China's standard EMUs

3. Bike sharing and intelligent transportation (big data, system optimization)

4. The relationship between online shopping and the development of real economy

[typical example 1]

Materials at the end of 2016, Hangzhou held a big discussion on the development of real economy. At the meeting, some people thought that the rapid development of e-commerce is a remarkable phenomenon. It brings convenience to consumers, but it has an impact on the real economy. For example, e-commerce relies on low-cost competition, and many people sell fake drugs on the Internet, thus confusing the real economy. Therefore, to develop the real economy, we must restrict the development of e-commerce.

Use the knowledge of economics to talk about your view that to develop the real economy, you must restrict the development of e-commerce. (14 points)

① As a circulation link, e-commerce is a bridge connecting production and consumption. It reduces the intermediate link, greatly reduces the circulation cost, and at the same time, makes the production and

Better connection of consumption and improvement of production effectiveness. (5 points)

② Low price operation of e-commerce, to some extent, can force the real economy to improve

Quality, reduce costs, so as to promote the development of the real economy. (3 points)

③ The problems in online sales, such as fake and shoddy products, need to be rectified

In order to promote the legitimate operation of e-commerce, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of production links. (4 points)

④ E-commerce and real economy complement each other and promote each other. The idea and practice of opposing the development of the two is wrong. (2 points)

[typical example 2]

After the reform and opening up, China began to explore its own high-speed rail technology, with a certain amount of technology accumulation and talent reserve.

At the beginning of this century, in order to meet the market demand, China introduced four types of trains from Japan, Germany, France and other countries, absorbed the technical advantages of various countries, and developed the "harmony" EMU, which promoted the rapid development of China's high-speed rail industry. However, due to the disunity of standards, the parts on the car can not be interchanged, and each kind of car must have a spare car to stop at the station; the driver's operation is also different, so he has to learn again once he changes the model.

In 2013, China officially launched the China standard EMU project. On June 26, 2017, "Fuxing" of "pure Chinese origin" with a speed of 350 km / h appeared on the Beijing Shanghai high speed railway. The EMU has realized the overall autonomy of traction, braking, network control and other systems. The technical standard system constructed covers more than 10 aspects such as the basic general purpose of EMU, vehicle body, running equipment and so on, reaching the international advanced level.

(1) Combined with materials, using the view of unity of opposites, what is the Enlightenment of analyzing the development process of China's high-speed rail for us to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between independent innovation and technology introduction? (12 points)

① Everything contains contradictions. The two sides of the contradiction are both opposite and unified, and transform each other under certain conditions. (2 points)

② Only by adhering to the two-wheel drive of independent innovation and technology introduction and digesting, absorbing and re innovating technology introduction can we promote the development of modernization. (3 points)

③ We should adhere to the specific analysis and analysis of specific problems, and integrate the "two point theory" with the "key point theory". (2) when the technical strength is weak, the development ability can be enhanced by introducing technology. However, we must adhere to the principle of "I-oriented" and "for my own use" in introducing technology, and take enhancing the ability of independent innovation as the foothold. (5 points)

(2) Combined with materials and from the perspective of economics, this paper discusses the significance of the successful development of China's standard EMUs for the development of China's high-speed rail industry. (14 points)

Unify technical standards, reduce operation cost and improve operation efficiency. (4 points)

Grasp the core technology, improve the ability of independent innovation, and realize the transformation and upgrading of high-speed rail industry. (4 points)

Improve the quality and level of China's high-speed rail products, and improve passenger travel comfort. (3 points)

Improve international competitiveness and promote China's high-speed rail to go out better. (3 points)

[typical example 3]

Material enterprise innovation is an important part of enterprise management, which is the key factor to determine the development direction, scale and speed of the company. Enterprise innovation runs through every department and every detail. Entrepreneurs are not only the main body of economic activities, but also the pioneers driven by innovation. The opinions on building a healthy growth environment for entrepreneurs, promoting excellent entrepreneurship and giving better play to the role of entrepreneurs are clear and support the innovative development of entrepreneurs. We will stimulate the innovation vitality and potential of entrepreneurs, protect their innovation space in accordance with the law, continue to promote product innovation, technological innovation, business model innovation, management innovation, and system innovation, make innovation and entrepreneurship a lifelong pursuit, and enhance their confidence in innovation.

(1) Combined with material one, this paper analyzes the economic significance of supporting the innovation and development of entrepreneurs, and expounds how to promote the innovation and development of enterprises as an entrepreneur. (14 points)

Significance: ① improve the quality and efficiency of product and service supply to meet the people's growing needs for a better life.

② We will accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and promote the adjustment and upgrading of the economic structure and industrial structure.

③ We will create new driving forces for economic development, foster new economic growth points, and promote economic growth. (2 points for each point, 6 points in total. Other reasonable statements will be given points as appropriate)

Measures: ① plan the innovation and development path of the enterprise and make clear the development direction of the enterprise.

② Increase investment in scientific research funds to provide material guarantee for independent innovation of enterprises.

③ Reform the distribution incentive mechanism of enterprises, incline the income distribution to innovation, and mobilize the innovation enthusiasm of employees.

④ We will introduce and absorb advanced technology to enhance the ability of enterprises to innovate and develop.

⑤ Pay attention to the introduction and training of innovative talents, and provide talents support for the innovation and development of enterprises. (8 points for any 4 points. Other reasonable suggestions can be given as appropriate)

Materials 2 public information shows that so far, the relevant departments of the State Council and local governments have taken more than 2000 policies and measures for "mass entrepreneurship and innovation". However, according to relevant research, policy support in some places is not mature enough, for example, blind expansion of incubators and other entrepreneurial carriers, lack of precise positioning of local industries and economy; lack of operational policies such as financial support and bank loans in some areas, coupled with insufficient promotion efforts, implementation of discounts; relatively good service, difficult to meet the needs of entrepreneurs in multiple industries and at all levels; It's difficult to form a joint force because of many political outlets; the government's improper intervention has damaged the legitimate rights and interests of entrepreneurs, etc.

(2) It is believed that the solution to the problem in material 2 depends on whether the government can make scientific, democratic and legal decisions. Please use the knowledge of 'political life' to evaluate this point of view. (12 points)

① The government's adherence to scientific decision-making, democratic decision-making and legal decision-making is conducive to reducing decision-making errors, improving the operability of fiscal and credit policies, and promoting the implementation of decision-making. (2 points)

② But in addition, the government should also adhere to the realistic and pragmatic work style and implement the policies; (2) deepen the reform of the administrative system, clarify the responsibilities of departments and improve the administrative efficiency; (2) accelerate the transformation of government functions and innovate the supply mode of public services; (2) strictly administrate according to law and correctly handle the relationship with the market. (2 points)

③ At the same time, entrepreneurs should dare to exercise supervision power and enhance the awareness of safeguarding rights according to law. (2 points)

[typical example 4]

The opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on creating a healthy growth environment for entrepreneurs and promoting excellent entrepreneurship to better play the role of entrepreneurs issued on September 8, 2017 pointed out that entrepreneurs are important subjects of economic activities.

The survey shows that in the past 20 years, the number of entrepreneurs with bachelor's degree or above has increased from 33.9% to 45.2qo, the number of entrepreneurs majoring in economics and management has increased from 15.4% to 48.5%, the number of entrepreneurs majoring in science and engineering has decreased from 38.1% to 23.9%, the number of entrepreneurs appointed by 'competent department' has decreased from 85.8% to 11.1%, and the number of entrepreneurs appointed by 'board of directors' has increased from 3.8% to 38.4%. In addition, 44.7% of entrepreneurs are "self-employed", 28.6 percentage points higher than five years ago.

The opinions pointed out that the legitimate rights and interests of entrepreneurs should be protected in accordance with the law; the system and mechanism should be innovated to enhance the innovation vitality and entrepreneurial motivation of entrepreneurs; the market rules and the growth rules of entrepreneurs should be followed to improve the precise support policies; the advanced models of entrepreneurs should be set up and publicized, the spirit of excellent entrepreneurs should be carried forward, the cultivation of young entrepreneurs should be strengthened, and the team of excellent entrepreneurs should be created.

Combined with materials and economic knowledge, this paper summarizes the current situation of entrepreneurs in China, and explains how our government should further build a healthy growth environment for entrepreneurs. (14 points)

Current situation: ① the overall quality of China's entrepreneur team has been greatly improved (or 'higher education'), (1 point) the degree of specialization is stronger. (1 points)

② The acquisition of entrepreneur identity highlights the decisive role of market in resource allocation. (2 points)

③ The proportion of entrepreneurs who start their own businesses has increased. (2 points)

Measures: ① to use legal means to carry out scientific macro-control and create a legal environment to protect the legitimate rights and interests of entrepreneurs. (2 points)

② We will improve the system and mechanism of the market economy and create a fair market environment for entrepreneurs to innovate and start businesses. (2 points)

③ Combine the advantages of market economy with the basic socialist system to create a good social environment for the healthy growth of entrepreneurs. (2 points)

④ We will give full play to the exemplary role of advanced models, strengthen training, and create a good growth environment for outstanding entrepreneurs. (2 points)

Five development concepts -- coordinated development

1. Regional coordinated development:

Revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China

Xiong'an New District, Dawan District, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao

2. Coordinated development of urban and rural areas: the strategy of Rural Revitalization

[problem cut in]

1. Revitalization of the old industrial base in Northeast China: business environment, the relationship between market and government;

2. Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Bay Area: an important space carrier for building a world-class city group and participating in global competition;

3. Xiong'an New District: focusing on Beijing's