Sturgeon, also known as sturgeon, is a large and medium-sized economic fish as well as a precious species. As of January 2014, there are more than 20 species in the world, including 8 species in China. Russian sturgeon is mainly distributed in Russia's Caspian Sea, Azov Sea, Black Sea and rivers connected with these basins.
How to raise sturgeon? Culture environment of sturgeon
How to raise sturgeon?
Sturgeon has very strict requirements for spawning ground. Sometimes they go up thousands of kilometers to find a suitable spawning ground in the natural environment. If the road for the female to migrate to the spawning ground is cut off by the dam, and no suitable spawning environment can be found, the female follicles will degenerate and absorb.
Due to the great difference between the artificial culture conditions and the natural environment, the artificial regulation of temperature, light, water flow and other environmental factors should be used to achieve the gonad development and maturity of sturgeon in the artificial culture conditions. Under the condition of artificial culture, it can be raised by artificial mixed with pellet feed.
The optimum temperature for producing commercial sturgeon is 20-24 ℃, and the temperature in autumn and winter is no less than 4-6 ℃. Requirements for water quality: the dissolved oxygen requirement is greater than 5mg / L, and the pH value is between 6.5 and 8.0.
The oxygen consumption rate of sturgeon belongs to compliance type, that is, when the dissolved oxygen in water environment is high, its oxygen consumption rate is also high; with the decrease of dissolved oxygen in water, its oxygen consumption rate also decreases.
The oxygen consumption rate and asphyxiation point of sturgeon are higher than that of conventional fish, which is only next to salmon trout. This puts forward higher requirements for the aquaculture water environment. Generally, the dissolved oxygen in the water should be kept at 6-8 mg / L to ensure the smooth growth.
Sturgeon is slow to respond to external influences. In addition to swimming along the wall and bottom of the pond, there are few intensive activities and little energy consumed in the exercise. Therefore, the feed coefficient in the breeding process is relatively low.
Sturgeon food inertia is very strong, refuse to eat unfamiliar food. For example, water fleas and water earthworms should be eaten at the beginning, and there should be a certain period of domestication time when feeding compound feed.
It is the key to improve the survival rate of the fry to open the mouth at the right time during the period of mixed nutrition before the yolk sac is fully absorbed. The fry in this period is passive feeding, so it is required to ensure a certain density of the bait in the water so as to have a high survival rate.
The growth speed of sturgeon is relatively fast, and the usually hatched water flower can reach 7-10CM after about a month of cultivation. When the conditions are suitable, the fish species weighing 100-150g should be released in the early spring of that year, and 0.75-1kg commercial fish can be cultured after 9-10 months.
Culture environment of sturgeon
Sturgeon, also known as sturgeon, is a large and medium-sized economic fish as well as a precious species. As of January 2014, there are more than 20 species in the world, including 8 species in China. Russian sturgeon is mainly distributed in Russia's Caspian Sea, Azov Sea, Black Sea and rivers connected with these basins. In addition to some migratory species, there are also some sedentary species. The migration starts in spring and ends in autumn. In spring, the migration type spawns in the same year, and in autumn, the migration type spawns in the second year. First sexual maturity age: male 11-9, female 11-13, oviposition cycle 4-6 years. The main technical points of adult culture of Russian sturgeon are as follows:
1. Pond conditions:
The pond should have a good water inlet and drainage system. The area of the fish pond should be 3-5 mu, and its shape should be rectangular. The silt at the bottom of the pool is less than 10 cm. For example, the area of cement sump is not limited to 50-300m. The pool is 2 meters deep.
2. Requirements for water quality:
The dissolved oxygen is required to be greater than 5 mg / L, and the pH value is between 6.5 and 8.0. It should be noted that sturgeon is particularly sensitive to chlorine, even if there are trace chloride ions in the water, sturgeon will die.
3. Fish breeding:
The pond is disinfected with quicklime before stocking, about 10kg per mu, and then dried to the sun. The water was injected two weeks before stocking, and the water depth was 2 meters. The stocking density of sturgeon is related to its individual size. The general specification is 300-500g, with 500 per mu. The bearing water temperature of sturgeon is 1-30 ℃. When the water temperature of pond exceeds 26 ℃ in summer, fresh water should be injected in time.
4. Feeding management:
According to the principle of timing, fixed-point and quantitative feeding, the daily feeding rate is 3%. Later, with the growth of the fish, the feeding rate is gradually reduced. When the fish reaches more than 1 kg, the daily feeding rate is not more than 1%. Because sturgeon is afraid of light, the feeding time is once at dawn and once at dusk. In order to improve the ability of anti stress and immunity of sturgeon and accelerate the growth of sturgeon, the healthy No.