In 2018, Xiaoman is 10:14:33 on May 21, 2018, which means that China has entered Xiaoman season. The so-called Xiaoman is the time when summer crops begin to bear fruit, the time when agriculture is busy, and the first solar term since the beginning of summer. The temperature rises and the summer is hot.
So, where does Xiaoman solar term come from? What are the climatic characteristics? Next, let Xiaobian take you to understand it.
The origin and climatic characteristics of the 24 solar terms
The origin of Xiaoman solar term
From May 20 to 22 every year, when the sun reaches 60 DEG; of the Yellow path, it is Xiaoman. This is the beginning of hot summer, and it is also the time when diseases are easy to appear. The name 'Xiaoman' comes from crops. The grain of summer crops began to be full of filling, but it was not mature, just small full, not big full.
"The moon makes seventy-two waiting for the solution": "in April, the small man, the things caused by this small full. 'at this time, the grains of summer crops such as wheat in the north of China have begun to be full, but they have not yet matured, which is about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called Xiaoman. The agricultural proverb in the south gives Xiaoman a new moral meaning: 'Xiaoman is dissatisfied with the work and breaks the thinking bank'; 'Xiaoman is dissatisfied with the work and doesn't care about the grain in the field'. The term "full" is used to describe the surplus and shortage of rain water. It is pointed out that if the field is not full of water when Xiaoman is small, it may cause the ridge to dry and crack, and even rice can not be planted when it is planted in the grain.
Xiaoman's third wait: 'the first wait for the show of bitter vegetables, the second wait for the death of weeds, and the third wait for the arrival of Xiaoshu. '
Kucai show: Guya takes tea as Kucai. "Maoshi" said: "who is the tea bitter?" yes. Bao said: 'it's made of fire and bitterness. "Erya" said: 'those who are not proud but are real are called Xiu, those who are proud but are not real are called Ying.' this bitter dish is suitable for saying Ying. Bao said: 'it's made of fire and bitterness. "The moon order" by Cai Yong is called bitter endive.
Mi CaoShi: Zheng Kangcheng, Bao Jingxiang are all clouds: Mi CaoShi, the genus of Tingli. "The book of Rites" notes: "the branches and leaves of grass are thin. Fang said: 'all things that feel Yang and live are strong and stand; those that feel Yin and live are soft and vigorous. 'it's called sweeping grass. It's born in the Yin, so it's too much to die in the Yang.
The origin and climatic characteristics of the 24 solar terms
It was originally xiaoxiazhi, and later it was changed to meiqiuzhi. "The moon order": "the arrival of wheat autumn is in April; the arrival of summer heat is in May. Xiaoman is in the middle of April, so it's easy. In autumn, when the valley is mature, though it is in summer, it is in wheat, so it is also in the cloud.
Climatic characteristics of Xiaoman solar term
South China: 'Xiaoman, damanjiang and Heman'
Generally speaking, if the cold air in the north can penetrate into the southern part of China at this time and the warm and humid air flow in the south is also strong, then it is easy to cause heavy rain or heavy rain in South China. Therefore, the later period of Xiaoman solar term is often the tense stage of flood control in these areas.
In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: 'Xiaoman does not fall, Huangmei is less',' Xiaoman does not rain, and there is no water in the mangrove seed '
For the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rainfall at this stage, it may be that the subtropical high in the Pacific Ocean is weak and located to the south, which means that in Huangmei season, the rainfall may be less. Therefore, there is a folk saying: 'Xiaoman does not fall, Huangmei is less; Xiaoman does not rain, and there is no water in the grain'.
The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River: 'Xiaoman is dissatisfied, and wheat has a risk'
Xiaoman solar term, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and other regions also spread the saying: 'Xiaoman dissatisfied, wheat has a risk'. This "one risk" means that the wheat is just entering the stage of milk ripening at this time, and it is very vulnerable to the damage of dry hot wind, which leads to the lack of Wheat Grouting, the drying of seeds and the reduction of yield. There are many ways to prevent dry hot wind, such as building shelter belts, spraying chemicals and so on, which are very effective measures.
The origin and climatic characteristics of the 24 solar terms
Jiangnan area: 'Xiaoman drives three cars, too busy to know him'
The three cars here refer to the water truck, the oil truck and the silk truck. At this time, the crops in the farmland need plenty of water, so the farmers are busy treading on the water cart to turn over the water; the harvested rapeseed is also waiting for the farmers to pound and make it into the fragrant rapeseed oil; the farm work in the field can't be delayed naturally.
But the baby silkworms at home should also be taken care of carefully. Before and after Xiaoman, the silkworms will start to cocoon, and the sericulture family is busy shaking the silk cart to reeling. "Qing Jialu" records: "xiaomanzha, the silkworm cooking cocoon, zhiche reeling, day and night operation.". It can be seen that in ancient times, new silk was on the market when the solar term was small and full, and silk market was booming. Silkworm farmers and silk merchants were full of expectations, waiting for the harvest day to come soon.
In addition, during the Xiaoman solar term, the Jiangnan area is often full of rivers and lakes. If you are dissatisfied, you will encounter drought and little rain. There are many proverbs in this respect, such as the saying that "Xiaoman is dissatisfied and does not wash dishes without water" in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei; the saying that "Xiaoman is dissatisfied and cuts off the ridges of the fields" in Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other regions; the saying that "Xiaoman can't go down and plows and harrows hang high" in Sichuan Province. The word "full" here doesn't mean that crops are full of grains, but that there is more rain.
From the perspective of climate characteristics, from Xiaoman solar term to the next solar term, summer is gradually entering all over the country, the temperature difference between North and south is further reduced, and the precipitation is further increased.