The reporter learned on the 26th that China has initially established a working system of human organ donation and transplantation. At present, the annual number of donation and transplantation has ranked first in Asia and second in the world. Graft / recipient survival rate and other indicators have reached the international leading level; The number of single center transplants ranks among the top in the world.
Drawn by Zhu Huiqing, issued by Xinhua News Agency
The National Health Commission held a press conference on the green channel for the transfer of human donor organs here on the same day. The reporter learned that organ transplantation in China began in the 1960s. Since 2014, the national health and Health Commission, the Red Cross Society of China and the Health Bureau of the logistics support department of the Military Commission have integrated their working forces, established the China human organ donation and Transplantation Committee, determined the basic ideas of human organ donation and transplantation, and gradually formed a working pattern of "government led, departmental cooperation, industry promotion and social support".
After years of unremitting efforts, the working mode of human organ donation and transplantation has undergone historic changes, forming a scientific, fair, ethical, national and cultural organ donation and transplantation working mode, and the management of organ transplantation has changed to legalization and standardization.
At present, large organ transplantation that can be carried out internationally can be carried out in China. The number of single center liver, heart and lung transplantation ranks among the top in the world. The combined transplantation technology of heart, lung, pancreas and kidney has reached the international level. Some liver transplantation technologies, such as autologous liver transplantation, non ischemic liver transplantation, and children's liver transplantation and kidney transplantation, are internationally leading. The quality indicators such as patient survival rate have been in line with the international level, and some indicators are significantly better than the international level. In the first half of 2019, 2757 organs were donated after citizens' death, an increase of 9.5% over the same period in 2018, and the number of donated organs was 7186, an increase of 3.6% over the same period in 2018.
It is reported that in September 2013, China officially launched the Chinese human organ distribution and sharing computer system (hereinafter referred to as cotrs) to distribute donated organs. Cotrs strictly follows the organ distribution policy, eliminates and monitors human intervention to the greatest extent by technical means, sorts patients according to internationally recognized objective medical indicators such as the urgency of patients' condition and the matching degree of suppliers and recipients, realizes automatic organ matching and sharing, and ensures that organ distribution is scientific, fair and just.
It is understood that limited by China's vast land area and socio-economic development level, and in order to reduce the total cost of patient organ transplantation, China mostly transports donated organs by medical personnel in the form of civil aviation flights, high-speed railways and road transportation. There are many uncertain factors in the process of transport, and the transport time is long, which has an adverse impact on organ quality. It often occurs due to transport problems.
In order to shorten the transfer time of human donor organs, reduce the impact of transfer links on the quality and safety of organ transplantation, and ensure the life and health of patients, in May 2016, the National Health Commission, the Ministry of public security, the Ministry of transport, the Civil Aviation Administration of China, China Railway Group and the Federation of the Red Cross Society of China issued the notice on establishing a green channel for the transfer of human donor organs, A low-cost and efficient green channel working mechanism for human donor organ transportation with civil aviation and high-speed rail as the core has been established. According to statistics, in the three years since the establishment of the green channel, the average organ transport time has been shortened by 1-1.5 hours, the national organ sharing rate has increased by nearly 8%, and the organ utilization rate has increased by 6.7%.
Thousands of patients with end-stage organ failure have access to treatment. The establishment of green channel transport mechanism greatly improves the transport efficiency, effectively reduces the cold ischemia time of organs, improves the organ sharing rate, reduces the organ abandonment rate, improves the quality of donated organs, contributes to the postoperative rehabilitation of transplant patients, and effectively promotes the improvement of transplant quality and service.