What is the normal temperature of infants? What is the normal temperature range of infants
Sihaiwang: the body of the newborn is in the growth and development stage, which is different from our regular body temperature. Observing the baby's body temperature can timely understand the baby's body condition and prevent the disease in advance. Then what is the normal body temperature of the baby? Let's learn about it together!
Degrees of normal body temperature in children
The basic body temperature of normal children is 36.9 ℃ ~ 37.5 ℃. Generally, when the body temperature exceeds the basic body temperature by more than 1 ℃, it can be considered as fever. Among them, low temperature means that the temperature fluctuates at about 38 ℃, while high temperature means that the temperature is above 39 ℃. Continuous fever for more than two weeks is called long-term fever.
The above basic body temperature refers to the rectal temperature, which is measured from the anus. Generally speaking, the oral temperature is 0.3 ℃ ~ 0.5 ℃ lower than the oral temperature, and the axillary temperature is 0.3 ℃ ~ 0.5 ℃ lower than the oral temperature.
Pay attention to whether the ambient temperature is too high. In the hot summer, the temperature is very high, and the baby's ability to regulate temperature is poor. When the mother holds the baby, the hot air is not easy to emit, which makes the temperature rise. But this kind of fever usually doesn't last too long. Put it in a cool place, fan it a little, drink some cool fruit juice for the child, or take a warm bath for the child. After a few hours, the temperature will drop to normal. In winter, if the indoor temperature is too high and the baby is wrapped too much, the baby's temperature will also rise.
What is normal temperature
The temperature inside the body is called body temperature. Maintaining a constant body temperature is a necessary condition for normal metabolism and life activities. Body temperature is a product of material metabolism. The three nutrients release energy in the process of oxidation. About 50% of the energy is turned into body heat to maintain body temperature, and it is continuously distributed in the form of heat energy in vitro; another 45% of the energy is transferred to the high-energy phosphate bond of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for the use of the body. The final result of the utilization of the body still needs to be converted into heat energy to disperse out of the body. This is the origin of body temperature.
Age factor of body temperature
The temperature of newborn is easily affected by the outside temperature. Because the development of the central nervous system of the newborn is not perfect, and the development of the sweat glands of the skin is not complete, the thermoregulatory function is poor and easy to fluctuate. The metabolic rate of children is high, and the body temperature may be slightly higher than that of adults. Old people's body temperature is low because of their low metabolic rate.
Various methods of temperature measurement
Underarm measurement. Before the temperature measurement, dry the armpit with a dry towel, and then place the mercury end of the thermometer in the armpit without exposure. The parents should hold the thermometer with their hands, let the child bend their arms over the chest, and clamp it) the infant should hold tightly). Take out the thermometer for 7-10 minutes. It needs to be measured every 30 minutes after bathing, and it should be noted that there should be no underwear or sheets between the thermometer and armpit skin to ensure its accuracy. The average temperature of normal armpit is 36-37 ℃.
Intraanal measurement. When measuring in the anus, choose the anal table. First, use liquid paraffin or grease (or soap water) to lubricate the mercury containing end of the thermometer, then slowly insert the mercury end of the thermometer into the anus for 3-4.5cm (1.5cm for infants). The parents hold the upper end of the thermometer with their hands to prevent slipping or breaking. Take it out after 3-5 minutes, wipe the thermometer with gauze or soft toilet paper, and read the readings. The normal range of Anal temperature is 36.8 ~ 37.8 ℃.
Intraoral measurement. Put the mercury end of the mouth watch under the child's tongue obliquely, ask the child to close up (do not bite with teeth), breathe with nose, take it out after 3 minutes, and read after wiping. In general, the normal oral temperature of adults is between 36 ~ 37 ℃, and that of children is 0.5 ℃.
How to measure body temperature correctly
The methods of measuring body temperature vary according to age, location and applicability. They can be divided into anal, axillary, oral, ear and frontal measurements. Among them, Anal temperature is the closest to the central body temperature of human body, but it is more suitable for small infants, while diarrhea is not appropriate. The measurement of axillary temperature and oral temperature needs proper age to cooperate, while ear temperature is the most commonly used method at present, but the measurement should have correct skills so as not to cause errors. For small children with small ear canal or earwax blockage, it is not easy to have correct results, and the use of forehead temperature is suitable for temperature screening of larger activities, but the error is large.
The temperature measurement will also be different in a day, with the lowest in the morning and the highest around 3-8 p.m. In addition, there are also differences in seasonality. In the sultry environment in summer, the body temperature is higher than that in winter. Age is also one of the variable factors. For example, the regulatory center of newborn's temperature formation is not mature, which is easily affected by the external environment, and the temperature changes greatly. The blood circulation of the subcutaneous tissue of the elderly is poor, so the skin's thermal conductivity is poor, and the measured temperature will be lower. The adult women will have high and low changes with the menstrual cycle of each month, and the temperature will be lower before the ovulation period, and after the ovulation period The temperature is usually high.