In life, we more or less have some common sense of first aid, but some of our subconscious first aid measures are actually wrong, which can not help but make many people fall into misunderstandings. What are the common misunderstandings of first aid in life? Let's have a look
Common first aid misunderstandings in life
1. Head up to stop nosebleed
Many people will raise their head high when their nose is bleeding, but doing so will make the blood flow back into their throat, which is equivalent to drinking their own blood. At this time, you don't know how much blood you have shed. Most importantly, this can't stop bleeding. The correct way is to keep the head upright in order to reduce the blood pressure of nasal veins. At the same time, hold the wing of the nose with your thumb and index finger and breathe with your mouth. Release your fingers after 15 minutes. If the nosebleed still keeps, repeat the same action for another 15 minutes. The doctor said that most nosebleeds are benign and will stop slowly. However, if the bleeding does not stop within 30 minutes, or nosebleed after injury (such as a car accident), go to the hospital immediately.
2. Suppose the nearest hospital is the best first aid point
It is generally believed that in an emergency, you should go to the nearest hospital, but this statement is not correct. If you suffer from some form of heart attack, it is best to see a hospital where angioplasty can be performed. The first step in an emergency is still to call 120. If 120 operators or ambulance personnel suggest that you go to a specialized medical center instead of the nearest hospital, follow their arrangements. There are four kinds of specialized medical centers: heart, stroke, burn and trauma. Their treatment may reflect the difference between birth and death. Experts say that if hospital a is only 5 minutes away from the accident site and hospital B is 20 minutes away, people usually worry that the extra time spent on the road will delay treatment. But in fact, hospital B can do the treatment that hospital a can't.
3. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed by alternating external chest compression and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration
The American Heart Association calls for hand compression instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Many studies on cardiopulmonary resuscitation have found that the longer the compression is stopped, the worse the patient's condition is. A report by the Chinese Medical Research Institute shows that only one twentieth of the 400000 people who suffer from cardiac arrest outside the hospital every year survive. If people know the correct cardiopulmonary resuscitation, this proportion will rise sharply. If someone falls in front of you, you should first touch the pulse on his neck. If the pulse cannot be measured, immediately start pressing and ask someone else to call 120.
The correct pressing method is to place the root of the palm in the center of the chest and press the other hand on this hand. The pressing range is 5cm each time to make the chest really sink, and the rate is 100 times per minute. You can download the handheld first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation smartphone app on your smartphone, which is based on the latest guidelines of the American Heart Association.
4. 'save 'car accident survivors
You may have seen this first aid scene in many movies, but don't imitate it. Especially after a car accident, the most serious injury is in the cervical spine or neck. First, fix the injured in the correct way, and then move them, otherwise the injured will be permanently paralyzed. At the scene of the accident, call 120 immediately and ask the ambulance to move the injured. At the same time, make sure that the injured are still breathing and keep them in a comfortable position as far as possible. Comfort the injured and let them know that the ambulance is coming and accompany them until the ambulance arrives at the scene.
5. Abuse of painkillers
Acetaminophen analgesics and antipyretics should be taken with caution. If the dose of Tylenol exceeds the FDA recommended 4000 mg per day, that is, 6 to 8 super powerful capsules, it may kill people. The National Institutes of Health said that acetaminophen overdose is the most common cause of poisoning in the world. Although you follow the recommended dose, you may not realize that many over-the-counter drugs contain acetaminophen and prescription painkillers, such as borcosette and vicodin. Tylenol and other analgesic and antipyretic drugs have been proved to relieve a variety of pain and help recovery. Therefore, they can still be taken when necessary, but be vigilant about the daily dose, and check whether other drugs you take also contain p-aminophenol.
6. Take ipecac syrup after suspected poisoning
Studies have shown that ipecac syrup did not reduce the number of people entering the emergency room, nor did it save lives. And worse, it will burn the esophagus again or inhale toxic substances into the lungs again after vomiting, which is more toxic than swallowing toxic substances. If poisoning is suspected, call the poison control center hotline immediately, even the doctor in the emergency room. Some items you think are highly toxic may be completely benign, while others you think are non-toxic may be fatal.
7. Tie a tourniquet around your arm or thigh to stop bleeding
This traditional method can lead to permanent tissue damage or even amputation. If the artery on your arm is cut and blood flows like a flood, using a tourniquet will cut off all blood flow to the end, resulting in muscle tissue necrosis. At this time, sterile gauze or clean cloth should be used to tightly press the wound, even if the gauze is soaked with blood. Just a few fingers can control the amount of bleeding and rush to the emergency room as soon as possible. The rare exception is that someone has been amputated and the injured lose a lot of blood. The Red Cross recommends seeing a doctor immediately if there is bleeding or if the wound is cracked, dirty or from an animal bite.